10.1055/b-0034-82103
18 Case Presentations and Surgical Technique: Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Diskectomy: Herniated Disk with Downward Migration at the L4-L5 Level
Clinical Findings
A patient presented with right posterior sciatica having lasted for 6 months.
The VAS was 9/10 for right leg pain and 3 to 4/10 for back pain.
MRI studies and a CT scan with topogram revealed a central soft herniated disk with downward migration at the L4-L5 level compressing the thecal sac and traversing the nerve root ( Fig. 18.54 ).
Preoperative Plan
The skin entry point and needle trajectory are determined as indicated in Fig. 18.55.
The skin entry point in cases of lower lumbar disk herniation lies more lateral to the midline (13.5 cm in this case) as compared with cases of upper lumbar herniation (6 to 9 cm).