Author
Age (years), sex
Aneurysm treatment
Shunt
Follow-up
Goetz et al. (1990) [16]
62, M
NA
VP
Died from SAH 3 weeks after VP shunt placement
Bose et al. (1983) [1]
55, F
Attempted aneurysm removal
VP
Died after craniotomy
Borrie et al. (1985) [3]
72, F
NA
VP
Improved
Wozniak et al. (1978) [17]
NA
NA
VP
Died
Kinoshita et al. (1979) [18]
52, M
NA
VP
Improved
Shimizu et al. (1985) [19]
52, M
NA
VP
Aneurysm still disappeared 3 years after VP shunt placement
Yasargil (1984) [20]
24, M
Trapping
VP
Aneurysm growth after shunt placement
Koga et al. (1983) [21]
65, M
NA
VP
Improved
Piek et al. (1983) [22]
60, F
NA
VP
Improved
Ishibashi et al. (1993) [23]
63, M
NA
VP
Improved
Drake et al. (1979) [24]
64, M
NA
VP
Died from SAH 4 weeks after VP shunt placement
Drake et al. (1979) [24]
32, F
LVA clamp occlusion
VP
Improved
Souer et al. (1979) [25]
74, F
NA
VP
Died from aneurysm growth
Vishteh et al. (1999) [26]
41, M
NA
VP
Aneurysm growth 7 years after VP shunt placement
Kim et al. (2002) [11]
58, M
LVA occlusion
VP
Died from aneurysm growth 11 months after VP shunt placement
Kim et al. 2002 [11]
30, M
Neck clipping
VP
Aneurysm growth 5 months after VP shunt placement
Hongo et al. (2001) [8]
70, F
RVA occlusion
E septostomy
Died from aneurysm rupture
Koyama et al. (1996) [27]
67, F
None
EVD
Died from aneurysm rupture
Liu et al. (2005) [28]
55, M
Transcallosal biopsy
Open TV
Improved
Oertel et al. (2008) [5]
80, M
None
ETV
Improved
Oertel et al. (2008) [5]
55, M
Coil embolization
ETV
Died from brain infarction 5 months after ETV
Oertel et al. (2008) [5]
32, F
Coil embolization
ETV
Died from BA thrombosis 1 week after ETV
Obaid et al. (2012) [6]
53, F
Coil embolization
ETV
Improved
Obaid et al. (2012) [6]
77, F
Coil embolization
ETV
Improved
Obaid et al. (2012) [6]
81, F
None
ETV
Improved
Kaptan et al. (2013) [29]
NA
None
VP
Died from brain infarction 2 weeks after VP shunt placement
Stachura et al. (2008) [30]
NA
None
ETV
Improved
Present patient, 2015
76, F
pCONus-assisted coiling
VP
Died from aneurysm rupture 9 months after VP shunt placement
Case Report
A 76-year-old woman was admitted to our neurosurgical department with a 2-month history of confusion, gait imbalance, and urinary incontinence. The patient underwent a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) investigation, which revealed the presence of a giant BAA associated with brainstem compression and obstructive hydrocephalus (Fig. 1a, b). Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) also showed the origin of both the PCAs and SCAs from the sac at the neck of the aneurysm (Fig. 1c, d).
Fig. 1
Preoperative sagittal and coronal angio-computed tomography (CT) scan images showing the giant basilar artery (BA) aneurysm associated with obstructive hydrocephalus (a, b). Cerebral digital subtraction angiography (DSA) showing the origin of both the posterior cerebral and the superior cerebellar arteries from the neck of the aneurysm (c, d)
After we engaged in a thorough multidisciplinary discussion, surgical clipping reconstruction was excluded because of the patient’s advanced age and comorbidities; traditional coiling was also not appropriate because it could not guarantee preservation of the blood flow in the parent arteries.
Therefore, we decided to use a pCONus ® stent (Phenox) with its upper extremities (petals) anchored over the ostia of the parent vessels (Fig. 2a–d). The provided bridging structure allowed the dislocation of 52 coils (Target, Axium, and Versatile Range Fill Advanced Coils (Microvention), ®) to completely fill out the dome of the sac, which was excluded by the circulation (Fig. 2b, c and e), and at the same time, we obtained a reconstruction of the neck of the aneurysm, which preserved the blood flow in the parent vessels (Fig. 2f). The procedure was performed by the senior author (Alessandro Pedicelli).