Epistaxis (Nosebleed)
Evaluation
General—nosebleeds occur in up to 60% of people over a lifetime; 6% require medical care.
Etiology—(environmental factors, i.e., humidity, temperature, and altitude also require consideration.)
Local causes
Idiopathic (80%-90%)
Trauma—epistaxis digitorum (nose picking), facial injury, foreign body
Inflammation—infection (e.g., sinusitis), allergies
Neoplasia and/or nasal polyps
Vascular malformation
Structural—septal deviation or perforation
Drugs—medications (e.g., nasal sprays—decongestants, corticosteroids), cocaine
Systemic causes
Hematologic—coagulopathies, low platelet count, or platelet dysfunction
Liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis)Related posts:
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