Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
OBJECTIVES
To describe criteria for the diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH).
To describe potential causes of IIH.
To discuss the differential diagnosis of IIH.
To review treatment guidelines for patients with IIH.
VIGNETTE
A 31-year-old woman was evaluated because of headaches.

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This young obese normotensive woman presented with a combination of long-standing headaches, visual scotomata, bilateral papilledema, and enlarged blind spots on visual field testing. She was not on contraceptives. Visual acuity was 20/20 OU. Remainder of her neurologic examination was unremarkable. She had a normal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and normal magnetic resonance venography (MRV). Having excluded hydrocephalus, an intracranial mass, or cerebral venous thrombosis as the etiology of the papilledema, she had a lumbar puncture (LP), which showed elevated opening pressure and normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) composition.

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