There are several scientifically important researches of an assessment of energy efficiency in brain functioning, mechanisms of governing the evolution of cortical networks, innovative theories of informational energy coding, entropy generation [4, 13, 18, 24, 28, 30].

We will make an attempt to consider here out of principles of thermodynamics the complex theory of decision making including the following factors: emotionally and cognitively induced decisions as well as the situation when emotion and mind struggle for the choice. Let’s look at the situation of emotion impact on behavior of an individual given to theoretical system, in which environmental factors (threat or usefulness levels in the context of future action / decision) are ignored. Emotion will be considered as the function of vector transfer of energy in the loop system of movement and of analysis of possible alternatives of decision-making. From the point of view of the sequence of events our model can be presented as follows: environment impacts on brain zones via emotion or/ and information (1) → analysis of alternatives or/ and cognitive estimation in brain (closed system) (2) → decision-making and adaptation to the choice (3).

At the first stage emotion which is comparable with energy of external system, influences closed system – human brain zones where fluctuations and the analysis of possible alternatives, taking into account the influence of accumulated emotional and cognitive experience, in reply to the emotion vector are going on. Though, the most probable it’s seemed to be that the rational component in this situation is a noise. At the second stage the decision which will operate further behavior of an individual and will be transferred into environment is formed. Further implements adaptation to and/ or at the same time, there is to be probable further analysis of already made decision at present which will evolutionary sedimentated in reply to an affect memory in the zone of a rational choice – a dorsolateral frontal cerebral cortex (DLFCC) [14, 27]. Sometimes even at this stage made decision can be either emotionally or rationally changed (e.g. it was decided to buy a pullover which was pleasant and suitable, but on the way to the cash desk it was found another pullover which is not at all conceding to the chosen one). Than the process is coming back to one of the options of three modular model.

Extrapolating data [25] on our proposed model we receive the following integrated processes. In the environment (I) initially there is an emotional reaction or the cascade of emotional splashes, in reply to the occurred event. Emotion influences the corresponding sites of a brain and the closed system (II) in which value of a choice of this or that behavioral defined mechanism is involved in process, the alternate options are compared, including sedimented both emotional and cognitive experience, and there is a choice of expected to be the best decision. Then process is transferred to environment (I) in which there is an adaptation to the decision and tutoring of the individual, i.e. updating of information which was stored in memory so that all subsequent actions were carried out with the greatest possible effectiveness.

In case of domination of a cognitive component over emotional the closed system reacts to the situation which has arisen in environment by means of the rational analysis, calculations, logics, comparing incoming information with the evolutionary accumulated experience fixed in memory. In this case emotion probably is a noise, a kind of background. At the following stage the created decision is transferred into environment, than also there is an adaptation to the decision and training of the individual. The cognitive analysis requiring calculations, obviously, longer while, than emotional reaction results. At the same time, in the closed system there is no fluctuations lead to chaos, bifurcation conditions are not formed and dissipative structures are not appeared. In spite of the fact that in connection with energy assumption, production of entropy dSII in the closed system will be still carried out, its increment dS will be much lower, than in case of emotionally made decision. As the decision is rigid it can hardly be reconsidered at the stage of adaptation to the made decision.

Let’s consider the opportunity of decision-making in terms of competition of emotional impact and rational approach. Process of decision-making is represented generally to be similar to the way of emotional decision. The main difference is that in case of the emotional decision, the cognitive component was more noise, than in this case. Here the rational brain enters fight for leadership with emotion. Anyway ideal in this mechanism might be the situation when in a counterbalance to fight; emotion harmoniously supports the cognitive decision. From the thermodynamic point of view, as a whole, process will be proceed as the sum of two earlier described processes, and entropy increment can be expressed by the following equation:
here Se – entropy produced in the closed system due to emotion, Sr – entropy produced in closed system due to cognitive process, δQe′ – noncompensated heat of emotional brain, δQr′ – noncompensated heat of rational brain. Several investigations suggest that value might be encoded by neurons in numerous brain regions, including dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [12], premotor cortex [26], frontal eye-fields [26], supplementary eye-fields [26, 27], superior colliculus [6], basal ganglia [3, 9], amygdale [20], and centromedian nucleus of the thalamus [15]. Platt M. and Padoa-Schioppa C. [21] propose that value signals expressed by different neuronal populations contribute to different mental processes. In sensory areas, value signals may contribute to perceptual attention (a process of choice between different sensory stimuli); in frontal areas, value signals may contribute to economic choice (a choice between different goods); in motor areas, value signals may contribute to action selection (a choice between different motor acts). Miller E. and Cohen J. [14] describe that prefrontal cortex playing an important role in cognitive control, in the ability to orchestrate thought and action in accordance with internal goals. They believe that cognitive control stems from the active maintenance of patterns of activity in the prefrontal cortex that represent goals and the means to achieve them. They provide bias signals to other brain structures whose net effect is to guide the flow of activity along neural pathways that establish the proper mapping between inputs, internal states, and outputs needed to perform a given task.