Neurochemistry
QUESTIONS
1. Which of the following lowers the seizure threshold?
A. Carbamazepine
B. Lamotrigine
C. Phenytoin
D. Wellbutrin
E. None of the above
View Answer
1. Answer: D. Wellbutrin lowers the seizure threshold. The other medications are all used to raise the seizure threshold.
2. Which one of the following is an irreversible reaction or very slowly reversible reaction of antipsychotic medications?
A. Resting tremor
B. Dystonia
C. Tardive dyskinesia
D. Sedation
E. None of the above
View Answer
2. Answer: C. Tardive dyskinesia is typically irreversible or has a slowly reversible reaction of antidopaminergic agents even when the drug is discontinued.
3. If comparing tricyclic antidepressants to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which of the following statements is true?
A. Patients on SSRIs usually have dry mouth.
B. Tricyclic antidepressants have dopaminergic effects.
C. SSRIs elevate norepinephrine levels.
D. Tricyclic antidepressants cause sedation.
E. None of the above
View Answer
3. Answer: D. Tricyclic antidepressants cause sedation especially early in the treatment.
4. What is the pathway that is involved with Parkinson’s disease side effects of antidopaminergic agents?
A. Spinothalamic
B. Mesocortical
C. Mesolimbic
D. Nigral striatal pathway
E. None of the above
5. Which of the following inhibits prolactin?
A. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
B. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
C. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
D. Dopamine
E. Orexin
View Answer
5. Answer: D. Dopamine has prolactin inhibitory properties. The others have other endocrinological effects, and orexin affects appetite.
6. A 24-year-old male with a history of seizures presents in status epilepticus. Which of the following agents would be considered first-line therapy?
A. Valproate
B. Lorazepam
C. Clonazepam
D. Ethosuximide
E. None of the above
View Answer
6. Answer: B. Continuous seizures with awakening is status epilepticus. There is potential for brain damage. Intravenous lorazepam, diazepam, and phenytoin are recommended for the treatment.
7. Which of the following antiepileptic drugs has similar properties as tricyclic antidepressants?
A. Topiramate
B. Lamotrigine
C. Carbamazepine
D. Clonazepam
E. None of the above
View Answer
7. Answer: C. Carbamazepine’s chemical structure is similar to that of tricyclic antidepressants. It also has an antidiuretic effect. This drug is effective in all seizure types except absence.
8. A 13-year-old boy with a history of seizure disorders presents with aplastic anemia. Which one of the following medications could he be on?
A. Lamotrigine
B. Diazepam
C. Felbamate
D. Gabapentin
E. None of the above
View Answer
8. Answer: C. Felbamate and carbamazepine have a potential serious side effect of aplastic anemia. It is highly recommended to follow blood counts when on these agents.
9. An 87-year-old male with a history of Parkinson’s disease has been on dopamine agents for the past year. Which one of the following has more peripheral effects than central effects?
A. Bromocriptine
B. Pergolide
C. Carbidopa
D. Trihexyphenidyl
E. Levodopa
View Answer
9. Answer: C. Carbidopa diminishes decarboxylation of L-dopa in the peripheral tissues and therefore increases the effectiveness of L-dopa in the brain and reduces the required dose by 75%.
10. Which of the following has antiemetic effects via serotonin receptor blockade?
A. Prochlorperazine
B. Promethazine
C. Metoclopramide
D. Scopolamine
E. Ondansetron
View Answer
10. Answer: E. Ondansetron blocks serotonin receptors and not dopamine receptors like the others. It is particularly helpful in treating chemotherapy-induced nausea.
11. Which of the following agents has the least amount of sedation as a side effect?
A. Doxepin
B. Amitriptyline
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