Various pelvic floor conditions, including overactive bladder syndrome and chronic pelvic pain, have been successfully managed with the neuromodulation of sacral nerves. Sacral neuromodulation is a minimally invasive procedure involving the implantation of a programmable pulse generator that delivers low-amplitude electrical current via quadripolar tined leads through the S3 foramen. Durable efficacy has been demonstrated in retrospective studies, but questions regarding ideal patient candidacy and optimal technical considerations remain unanswered.
Key points
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Sacral neuromodulation is a treatment option approved by the Food and Drug Administration for refractory overactive bladder syndrome, which consists of urinary frequency, urgency, nocturia, and urge incontinence.
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There is a growing body of evidence supporting off-label use of sacral neuromodulation for the treatment of interstitial cystitis, painful bladder syndrome, and chronic pelvic pain.
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