Internal carotid artery

May present with some or all of the features of infarctions involving the anterior cerebral, middle cerebral, and ophthalmic arteries

Anterior cerebral artery

Contralateral lower extremity paresis and/or sensory loss

With bilateral infarcts, the following can be seen:

Bilateral lower extremity motor impairment, frontal release signs, mutism, apathy, pseudobulbar palsy

Middle cerebral artery

Aphasia (dominant)

Contralateral neglect/dressing difficulty (nondominant)

Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia

Contralateral hemiparesis/hemisensory loss

Posterior cerebral artery

Alexia without agraphia

Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia

Midbrain involvement: vertical gaze palsy, 3rd nerve palsy with contralateral hemiplegia (Weber syndrome)

Thalamic involvement: amnesia, contralateral sensory disturbance, occasional tremor

Vertebral artery

Lateral medullary involvement (Wallenberg syndrome): ipsilateral ataxia, vertigo, nystagmus, ipsilateral Horner syndrome (droopy lid and small pupil), ipsilateral pharyngeal and laryngeal paralysis (leading to hoarseness), ipsilateral sensory loss of face/contralateral sensory loss of body (pain/temperature)

Cerebellar involvement: ipsilateral limb ataxia, dysmetria, dysarthria, vertigo, nausea, nystagmus

Basilar artery

Midbrain involvement: complete or partial 3rd nerve palsy, contralateral motor involvement

Pontine involvement: ipsilateral 6th nerve paresis, contralateral motor involvement

Lateral medullary involvement: ipsilateral limb ataxia, palatal paresis, Horner syndrome

Total occlusion → coma, locked-in syndrome