Test Six
Questions
1. What TWO distinctly American traditions have contributed their own unique emphasis to the field of dynamic psychotherapy with children, particularly play therapy?
A. The child guidance movement
B. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
C. Client-centered therapy
D. Existential therapy
E. Rational emotional behavior therapy
2. Findings from large-scale epidemiological studies examining individuals with mental retardation (MR) show ALL of the following EXCEPT:
A. More boys than girls have MR
B. Rates of MR are generally low in the early years
C. Rates of MR peak at around 10 to 14 years
D. Rates of MR stay constant during adulthood
E. Individuals of lower socioeconomic status (SES) show higher than expected rates of MR
3. Which of the following learning disabilities (LDs) currently has the most research on relevant genes and brain structure and brain function to support a neurobiological base for LDs?
A. Disability from emotional disturbance
B. Disability from traumatic brain injury
C. Disorder of written expression
D. Specific reading disability
E. Specific mathematics disability
4. Approximately what percentage of pediatric patients in primary care have mental health problems?
A. 5%
B. 10%
C. 20%
D. 30%
E. 50%
5. Child psychiatry in the United States began with the establishment of child guidance clinics, the first of which was the Juvenile Psychopathic Institute of Chicago established by Dr William Healy in which year?
A. 1793
B. 1839
C. 1872
D. 1909
E. 1952
6. Which of the following is accurate about epilepsy?
A. Epilepsy can be associated with a decrease in intelligence quotient (IQ) for a subset of children
B. Family factors seem to be stronger predictors of psychopathology than epilepsy factors
C. Students with epilepsy are retained in school more frequently than controls
D. Children with epilepsy experience more frequent difficulties in reading, writing, and mathematics than controls
E. All of the above
7. In one cohort study, young adults with depression were found to have which of the following?
A. Homozygosity for the long allele of the serotonin transporter gene
B. Homozygosity for the short allele of the serotonin transporter gene
C. Homozygosity for the short allele of the serotonin transporter gene and negative life events
D. Homozygosity for the long allele of the serotonin transporter gene and negative life events
E. None of the above
8. Which of the following describes the hypothesized mechanism of action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?
A. Interferes with the return of serotonin into the postsynaptic neuron
B. Promotes the release of serotonin in the prefrontal cortex
C. Selectively promotes the release of newly synthesized dopamine while also blocking dopamine reuptake at the transporter
D. Promotes the release of stored dopamine and blocks the return of dopamine at presynaptic dopamine transporter sites.
E. Interferes with the return of serotonin into the presynaptic neuron
9. What type of variable represents a variable that cannot be manipulated, as it is specific to the subject (e.g., gender, age, or ethnic group) under study, or part of the subject’s usual environment (e.g., low SES)?
A. Active independent variable
B. Independent variable
C. Dependent variable
D. Attribute independent variable
E. Extraneous variable
10. Which of the following medications has shown statistically significant superiority compared with valproate in acute onset depression in adolescents with bipolar disorder?
A. Quetiapine
B. Sertraline
C. Venlafaxine
D. Mirtazapine
E. Risperdal
In the following questions regarding types of validity, match the terms to the definitions that best describe them.
11. Construct validity
12. Content validity
13. Face validity
14. Concurrent validity
15. Predictive validity
A. Whether on the surface of things the test appears to be appropriate for its intended use
B. A form of criterion-related validation that examines the degree to which the measure predicts some other criterion in the future, such as IQ in relation to later academic success
C. Examines the extent to which a test measures what it purports to measure
D. Refers to the degree to which a test covers the behavior, skill, or subject matter being measured, that is, whether the test offers representative coverage of the domain assessed
E. A form of criterion-related validation in which the current measure is compared with a criterion or outcome to which it is related, such as other test scores
16. True or False: Tricyclic antidepressants are more effective in children with depression compared to adults.
A. True
B. False
17. True or False: There is indisputable evidence for the heritability of most early-onset psychiatric illnesses.
A. True
B. False
18. What is the most common use of single photon emission computed tomography in the study of psychopathological disorders?
A. Electrical analysis of the brain to various stimuli
B. The delineation of white matter tracts
C. The measurement of regional cerebral blood flow
D. Volumetric analysis of brain structures
E. None of the above
19. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has generally fallen under which type of disability in the determination of eligibility for special education services?
A. Developmental delay
B. Emotional
C. Other health impaired
D. Specific learning
E. Neurological
20. At what age does stranger anxiety begin to occur in most infants and at what age does it peak?
A. 6 months, peaking at 18 months
B. 8 months, peaking at 18 months
C. 6 months, peaking at 24 months
D. 8 months, peaking at 24 months
21. In the population at large, the estimated prevalence of anorexia nervosa in young women in industrialized countries is:
A. 0.03%
B. 0.3%
C. 3%
D. 30%
22. True or False: Parents of juveniles who set fires have been found to demonstrate a significantly greater incidence of psychological disturbance including schizophrenia, other psychotic disorders, depression, and substance abuse.
A. True
B. False
23. Hospital staff members may deal with the anxiety they experience when a child in their care is dying by:
A. Withdrawal and a conspiracy of silence
B. Excessive crying
C. Acting as a coparent
D. Excessive benzodiazepine use
24. Which of the following is the greatest limitation of applying electroencephalography (EEG)?
A. Poor spatial resolution
B. The potential adverse effects of radioactive tracers
C. Poor temporal resolution
D. Indirect method of measuring neuronal activity
E. None of the above
25. Among the tricyclic antidepressants, which one of the following is used to treat enuresis in children?
A. Desipramine
B. Clomipramine
C. Imipramine
D. Amitriptyline
E. Nortriptyline
26. Which of the following models of family therapy is particularly applicable to marital problems and children with chronic conduct disorders?
A. Structural
B. Strategic
C. Behavioral
D. Psychodynamic
E. Experiential
27. The “developing theory of mind” refers to:
A. The ability to understand that one’s thoughts, beliefs, and feelings are one’s own and that others may feel or believe differently
B. The interpretation of the behaviors and words of others as being a part of their feelings and thoughts
C. The recognition of the world in both physical and nonphysical terms, with the latter being invisible or imagined states of thoughts, feelings, and beliefs
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
28. ALL of the following are autosomal dominant diseases EXCEPT:
A. Huntington disease
B. Myotonic dystrophy
C. Fragile X syndrome
D. Parkinson disease
E. Neurofibromatosis
29. Which of the following statements is most accurate for the United States?
A. The rates of both AIDS and HIV are increasing
B. The rates of both AIDS and HIV are decreasing
C. The rate of AIDS is increasing and the rate of HIV is decreasing
D. The rate of AIDS is decreasing and the rate of HIV is increasing
30. True or False: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a risk factor for trichotillomania.
A. True
B. False
31. Caution should be used when administering chlorpromazine in children via intramuscular routes due to the occurrence of which adverse event?
A. Hypotension
B. Seizures
C. Acute dystonic reaction
D. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
E. Extrapyramidal symptoms
32. One study described how children with serious emotional disturbances received services from more than two mental health delivery systems. What percentage of children did so?
A. 12%
B. 32%
C. 52%
D. 72%
E. 92%
33. Which of the following encompasses the broad goals of neuropsychological assessment?
A. To provide a more complete description and understanding of the child
B. To provide an understanding of the child’s prognosis
C. To inform strategies for intervention
D. To serve primarily as a diagnostic instrument
E. A and C
34. Adolescents have an intense striving for physical, sexual, social, psychological, and intellectual independence and mastery. Life-limiting illness turns this developmental process on its head by:
A. Bringing physical immobility and dependence, rather than independence
B. Leading to isolation from peers rather than forging new relationships
C. Stopping educational progress
D. Preventing independent work
E. A, B, and C
35. Which of the following is true about gay and lesbian parented families?
A. The parenting repertoire of homosexual parents is constricted
B. The psychological health of children suffers
C. A child’s sexual orientation is influenced
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