Effects of Emotional Stress on Astrocytes and Their Implications in Stress-Related Disorders

Fig. 10.1

Model of stress effects on astrocytes. Stress hormones (e.g., glucocorticoids) and neurotransmitters (e.g., norepinephrine) released during the stress response activate the receptors located in astrocytes and initiate intracellular cascades (including a decrease of GFAP levels and increase in S100b release) that ultimately produce changes in the morphology/physiology of astrocytes, which alters the normal functioning of tripartite synapses in a pathophysiological direction that is known to drive behavioral sequelae of stress, such as increases of glutamate transmission and/or reduction of GABAergic transmission

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by grants from MinCyT-Cordoba, SECYT-UNC, CONICET, and Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica–FONCYT (Argentina) to Victor A Molina and SECYT-UNC, CONICET, and Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica–FONCYT (Argentina) to Gaston Calfa.

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