Kyphosis



Kyphosis


Julia Crim, MD



DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS


Common



  • Postural Kyphosis


  • Idiopathic Kyphosis


  • Degenerative Disc Disease


  • Fracture



    • Anterior Compression Fracture, Thoracic


    • Anterior Compression Fracture, Lumbar


    • Burst Fracture, Lumbar


    • Hyperflexion Injury, Cervical


    • Chance Fracture, Thoracic


    • Chance Fracture, Lumbar


    • Hangman’s C2 Fracture


    • Pathologic Vertebral Fracture



      • Multiple Myeloma


      • Metastases, Lytic Osseous


      • Metastases, Blastic Osseous


  • Scheuermann Disease


  • Failed Back Surgery Syndrome


  • Hardware Failure


Less Common



  • Osteomyelitis, Pyogenic


  • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathy


  • Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis


  • Post-Operative Infection


  • Neurogenic (Charcot) Arthropathy


  • Scoliosis, Neuromuscular


  • Paraparesis/Paraplegia


  • Scoliosis and Kyphosis, Congenital



    • Failure of Vertebral Formation


    • Klippel-Feil Spectrum


    • Vertebral Segmentation Failure


  • Congenital Syndromes



    • Osteogenesis Imperfecta


    • Neurofibromatosis Type 1


    • Achondroplasia


    • Mucopolysaccharidoses


  • Osteomyelitis, Granulomatous


ESSENTIAL INFORMATION


Helpful Clues for Common Diagnoses



  • Flexible Kyphosis: Postural, sometimes degenerative, failed fusion


  • Short-Curve Kyphosis: Infection, trauma, Charcot arthropathy and congenital fusion anomalies, degenerative (sometimes adjacent to surgical fusion)


  • Undulating Endplate: Scheuermann kyphosis


  • Cortical Break or Angular Deformity: Trauma


  • Destruction Vertebral Endplate: Infectious or post-infectious, neuropathic arthropathy, severe instability


  • Fused Vertebrae: Congenital, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, infection, seronegative spondyloarthropathy, post-traumatic, post-surgical


  • Multiple Wedged Vertebrae: Osteoporosis, pathologic fracture due to myeloma or metastasis, Scheuermann kyphosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, achondroplasia, mucopolysaccharidosis






Image Gallery









Lateral radiograph shows diffuse kyphosis without bony abnormality. This is a common finding due to poor posture and may become fixed over time.

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Aug 7, 2016 | Posted by in NEUROLOGY | Comments Off on Kyphosis

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