• With the working portal appropriately docked on the level of pathology, an initial exposure can be performed.
• Often there are residual paraspinal muscle fibers that must be removed from the lamina.
• Once the lamina is exposed, a high-speed burr is used to perform a laminectomy. Bone is removed until only the flavum is visualized.
– The laminectomy is extended laterally through the pars interarticularis.
– Bone is saved in a bone trap.
• The laminectomy is extended cranially until the end of the flavum insertion is identified.
– Epidural fat or dura is often seen.
• This marks the cranial extent of the laminectomy.
• The burr is then directed directly laterally through the pars interarticularis.
• Once the burr is through the pars, the inferior articular process can be removed, completing the facetectomy and exposing the involved disk space.