•  The initial exposure should involve subperiosteal dissection of the muscle to the facet joint.

•  Resection of the facet capsule and exposure of the superior articular process (caudad vertebra) and the transverse process is essential to identify the starting point for the lumbar pedicle screw.

•  Pedicle start point. The transverse process is bisected, and the mamillary process is identified at the junction of the inferolateral corner of the facet joint.

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