Abscess, Epidural

Abscess, Subdural

Multiple Sclerosis, Spinal Cord

Syringomyelia

Astrocytoma, Spinal Cord

Ependymoma, Cellular, Spinal Cord

Hemangioblastoma, Spinal Cord

Central Spinal Cord Syndrome

Contusion-Hematoma, Spinal Cord

Hematoma, Epidural-Subdural

Hematoma, Subdural

Syrinx, Post-Traumatic

Degenerative Disc Disease

Stenosis, Acquired Spinal, Cervical

Kyphosis

Spondylolisthesis

OPLL

Ossification Ligamentum Flavum

Intervertebral Disc Herniation, Cervical

Intervertebral Disc Herniation, Thoracic

Intervertebral Disc Herniation, Traumatic

Mucopolysaccharidoses

Stenosis, Congenital Spinal

Scoliosis and Kyphosis, Congenital

ADEM, Spinal Cord

Viral Myelitis

Osteochondroma

Pathologic Vertebral Fracture

Arachnoid Cyst

Infarction, Spinal Cord

Type I DAVF

Type IV AVF

Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia

Dermoid and Epidermoid Tumors

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Spinal Cord Herniation

Neurenteric Cyst

Metastases, Spinal Cord

Cavernous Malformation, Spinal Cord

Type II AVM

Type III AVM

Abscess/Myelitis, Spinal Cord

Acute Transverse Myelitis, Idiopathic

Secondary Acute Transverse Myelitis

Vitamin B12 Deficiency, Spinal Cord

Epidural and subdural abscess ⇒ rim-enhancing extramedullary pus ± cord signal or compression

Syringomyelia ⇒ expanded spinal cord + central dilated, beaded, or sacculated cystic cavity

Neoplastic syrinx ⇒ look for nodularity or enhancement

Central spinal cord syndrome ⇒ arms > legs + bladder dysfunction, variable sensory loss, high T2 cord signal

OPLL, OLF ⇒ look for ligamentous ossification with narrowing of central spinal canal

Use conventional diagnostic criteria

Mucopolysaccharidoses ⇒ ± dens hypoplasia, CVJ stenosis, thickened dura at foramen magnum, platyspondyly, anterior beaking, thoracolumbar gibbus deformity

Congenital spinal stenosis ⇒ reduced AP canal diameter secondary to short, squat pedicles and laterally directed laminae

ADEM, spinal cord ⇒ multifocal lesions (MS mimic) with minimal mass effect, vasogenic edema

Viral myelitis ⇒ swollen, edematous cord with segmental contiguous T2 signal abnormality

Osteochondroma ⇒ sessile or pedunculated osseous “cauliflower” lesion, marrow contiguous with parent vertebra

Arachnoid cyst ⇒ nonenhancing extramedullary loculated CSF intensity collection displacing cord or nerve roots

Spinal cord infarction ⇒ central T2 hyperintensity more common than wedge-shaped injury in anterior 2/3 spinal cord

Dermoid and epidermoid tumors ⇒ CSF isodense/isointense lumbosacral or cauda equina mass

Osteogenesis imperfecta ⇒ severe osteopenia & multiple fractures

Spinal cord herniation ⇒ herniation of spinal cord through defect in dura of ventral canal with expansion of dorsal subarachnoid space

Neurenteric cyst ⇒ intraspinal cyst lined by enteric mucosa + vertebral segmentation abnormalities

Spinal cord metastasis ⇒ focal, enhancing cord lesion(s) + extensive edema

Cavernous malformation ⇒ locules of blood with fluid-fluid levels surrounded by T2 hypointense rim

Type II AVM ⇒ intramedullary glomus type AVM (similar to brain AVM), nidus may extend to dorsal subpial surface

Type III AVM ⇒ juvenile-type AVM (intramedullary, extramedullary), nidus may have extramedullary and extraspinal extension