Falls in the Elderly
Falls in the Elderly More than a third of people age 65 or older fall each year. 5% to 10% of falls in elderly result in injury. Fatality rate increases…
HIV, Fetal Alcohol and Drug Effects, and the Battered Child
HIV, Fetal Alcohol and Drug Effects, and the Battered Child Pediatric AIDS and HIV Infection Incidence of neurologic abnormalities in HIV-infected cohorts has dropped from around 30% to <2% with…
Occupational and Environmental Neurotoxicology
Occupational and Environmental Neurotoxicology Table 167.1 lists selected neurotoxic syndromes. Table 167.1 Neurotoxic Syndromes Syndrome Agent Occupational or other exposure Acute Chronic Metals Arsenic Pesticides, pigments,…
Complications of Cancer Chemotherapy
Complications of Cancer Chemotherapy Tables 166.1, 166.2 list neurologic complications of cancer treatments. Table 166.1 Neurotoxicity of Antineoplastic Drugs Neurologic disorder Drug Peripheral neuropathy Carboplatin, cisplatin, cytarabine, docetaxel, etoposide, fludarabine,…
Iatrogenic Disease
Iatrogenic Disease Selected adverse neurologic reactions due to drugs or diagnostic procedures listed in Table 165.1. Table 165.1 Adverse Neurologic Reactions Due to Drugs or Procedures for Diagnosis or Therapy…
Drug Dependence
Drug Dependence Psychic dependence (addiction): craving, drug-seeking behavior. Physical dependence: withdrawal symptoms and signs with abstinence. May occur separately or together. Addiction: psychic dependence. Selected classes of recreational drugs listed…
Alcoholism
Alcoholism Ethanol-related deaths >100,000 each year; 5% of all deaths in United States. Problem drinkers: 7% of all adults, 19% of adolescents in United States addicted to ethanol or have…
Somatoform Disorders
Somatoform Disorders Somatoform disorders: conversion disorder, somatization disorder, pain disorder, hypochondriasis, body dysmorphic disorder. Somatizing disorders: besides somatoform disorders, also include malingering, factitious disorders, psychological factors affecting a medical condition…
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia Abnormalities in perception of reality, form, and content of thoughts and speech, emotional deficits, leading to disturbed sense of self, social dysfunction, apathy, peculiar behavior. Symptom onset usually in…
Anxiety Disorders
Anxiety Disorders Overall prevalence 7% to 9%. F:M, 2 to 3:1. Panic Disorder Recurrent, unexpected panic attacks (Table 160.1), accompanied by persistent concerns about repeated attacks or significant behavior change…
