Rheumatoid Arthritis: Upper Cervical Spine Dieter Grob Takachika Shimizu In spite of many years of research and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), there remains a relative inability to accurately predict…
Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Cervical Spine Danny F. Searcy Charles W. Cha Scott D. Boden Charles R. Clark Rheumatoid arthritis in the cervical spine results in anatomic abnormalities as a…
Stereotaxic Radiosurgery for Spine Tumors Mark H. Bilsky Lilyana Angelov Metastatic tumors are the most common spine tumors. They are estimated to be 20 times more common than primary spine…
Cervical Spinal Infections Choll W. Kim Bradford L. Currier John G. Heller Frank J. Eismont Advances in infectious disease management, radiologic imaging, and surgery during recent decades have dramatically improved…
Benign Tumors of the Cervical Spine Alan M. Levine Stefano Boriani Most patients who present with cervical spine pain, radiculopathy, or myelopathy are older than 40 years of age and…
Primary Malignant Tumors of the Cervical Spine Stefano Boriani Stefano Bandiera Luca Boriani James N. Weinstein A low rate of occurrence, nonspecific symptoms, and sometimes slow evolution (1,2) frequently result…
Cervical Spine Metastases Chintan S. Sampat Howard S. An Louis G. Jenis The most common site of spread of skeletal metastases is to the vertebral column. The propensity for tumor…
Intradural Intramedullary and Extramedullary Tumors Ryan M. Kretzer George I. Jallo CASE ILLUSTRATIONS CASE 1—INTRADURAL INTRAMEDULLARY SPINAL CORD TUMOR An otherwise healthy 17-year-old male presented to his primary care physician…
Emerging Pharmacologic Treatments for Spinal Cord Injury Virgilio Matheus Christopher A. Iannotti Michael P. Steinmetz Any insult to the spinal cord that leads to a change in its function, either…
Traumatic Vertebral Artery Injury: Management/Workup Robert F. Heary Reza J. Karimi Injury of the vertebral artery is historically uncommon; however, the routine use of advanced imaging modalities and aggressive screening…
