Open Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy
• The inferior articular process (IAP) of the cephalad vertebrae is identified. • Approximately 35% of the medial portion of the IAP is removed to visualize the superior articular process…
2 Physical Examination of the Cervical Spine
Chapter 2PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE CONTENTS I. INSPECTION II. CERVICAL SPINE MOTION TESTS III. RESISTED TESTS IV. NEUROLOGIC EVALUATION V. SPECIAL TESTS Chapter 2PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF THE CERVICAL…
3 Physical Examination of the Thoracic Spine
Chapter 3PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF THE THORACIC SPINE CONTENTS I. VISUAL EXAMINATION II. DEFORMITY EVALUATION III. PALPATION IV. PERCUSSION V. MOVEMENTS VI. NEUROLOGIC EVALUATION Chapter 3PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF THE THORACIC SPINE…
4 Physical Examination of the Lumbosacral Spine
Chapter 4PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF THE LUMBOSACRAL SPINE CONTENTS I. INSPECTION II. PALPATION III. MOVEMENTS IV. TESTS V. NEUROLOGIC EVALUATION OF THE LUMBAR SPINE: L1-L3 VI. NEUROLOGIC EVALUATION OF THE LUMBAR…
1 The Fundamentals
Chapter 1THE FUNDAMENTALS CONTENTS I. BASIC ANATOMY OF THE SPINE II. BASIC NEUROLOGY OF THE SPINE III. SENSATION TESTING IV. MUSCLE TESTING V. MUSCLE GRADING VI. CLASSIFICATIONS OF MUSCLE GRADING…
Responsive (Closed-Loop) Stimulation
19 Responsive (Closed-Loop) Stimulation Robert E. Wharen Jr. Partial epilepsy represents the most prevalent type of epilepsy, accounting for ~60% of cases overall and 90% of adult incident cases. Nearly…
Vagus Nerve Stimulation
16 Vagus Nerve Stimulation Uzma Samadani and Gordon H. Baltuch Vagal nerve stimulation was first reported as potentially having efficacy in three out of four seizure patients in 1990,1 and…
Insular Resection
8 Insular Resection Christopher R. Mascott There has been a rebirth of interest in the insula of Reil from a surgical perspective over the past years. Insular cortex remains somewhat…
Image Guidance and Epilepsy Surgery
1 Image Guidance and Epilepsy Surgery Christopher R. Mascott Navigational systems have gained widespread acceptance in the neurosurgical community over the past decade. There is hardly a contemporary neurosurgery center…
Corticography
11 Corticography Douglas Maus and Brian Litt Detecting the intrinsic electrical activity of the brain remarkably followed, rather than preceded, electrically stimulating the brain. In the late 19th century, individuals…
