Neupsy Key

Coma and Head Injury I. Glasgow Coma Scale Eye opening Spontaneous 4 To voice 3 To pain 2 None 1 Best motor response Obeys commands 6 Localizes pain 5 Withdraws…

Autonomic Nervous System Testing I. Anatomy and Physiology Preganglionic sympathetic neurons are located in the intermediolateral cell column in the spinal cord from T2 to L1. Preganglionic parasympathetics are present…

Autoimmune Antibodies I. Paraneoplastic Autoantibodies Yo (anti-Purkinje cell antibody) Indication: cerebellar degeneration Tumor: breast, ovarian, endometrial, cervical Clinical features: cerebellar symptoms evolve over weeks to months and then stabilize. Only…

Neuroimaging Neuroimaging I. Computed Tomography Density Moiety Hounsfeld Units Bone 1,000 (more dense) Calcium 100 Acute blood 85 Tumor Possibly 30-60 Gray matter 35-40 White matter 25-30 CSF 0 Adipose…

Pain Headache I. General Considerations Occurs when peripheral nocioceptors are stimulated in response to tissue injury, visceral distension, or when peripheral or central pain pathways are damaged or activated inappropriately…

Neuro-Ophthalmology Ophthalmology I. Nystagmus Congenital Decreased with convergence Increased with fixation Optokinetic nystagmus inversion Uniplanar in all directions Latent Seen only when one eye is covered Fast component away from…

Transplant Neurology Transplant Neurology—Complications I. Glucocorticoids Opportunistic infections Steroid myopathy Psychosis Delirium II. Methotrexate Intrathecal Aseptic meningitis Acute transverse myelopathy Intavenous high dose Stroke Encephalopathy III. Anti-CD3 Cytokine release Aseptic…

Central Nervous System Degenerative Disorders Delirium/Dementia I. Definitions Confusional state—characterized by inability to think with proper speed, clarity, and coherence and associated with disorientation, decreased attention and concentration, impaired immediate…

Neurophysiology Electroencephalography I. Origin of the Electroencephalogram (EEG) Sum of excitatory postsynaptic potentials and inhibitory postsynaptic potential EEG rhythm depends on thalamic pacemaker cells and the reticular activating formation. One…

Epilepsy Seizures I. Definitions Seizure—a sudden temporary change in brain function caused by an abnormal rhythmic excessive electrical discharge Epilepsy—a state of recurrent seizures Epidemiology Incidence of seizures: 80/100,000 per…