Fig. 9.1 Photomicrographs showing wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase-labeled spinal accessory motoneurons. (a) A motoneuron at C2–C3 segments in a representative control ICR mouse; (b) site A in the twy mouse,…
Fig. 11.1 The application of cyclic tensile strain induced apoptotic cell death in spinal cord cells. Representative serial photomicrographs are shown of cells exposed to a tensile strain of 10…
Fig. 4.1 In vitro evaluation of the ER stress response in cultured cells. The percentage of C6 glioma cells positive for GRP78 and Annexin V/PI (AP) after treatment with 24–72…
Fig. 10.1 Representative HE-stained sagittal and axial images of the twy mice. Scale bar: 1 mm (a), 500 μm (d). Sagittal and axial MRI (b, c, e) showed notable cervical…
G-CSF Control P Number of cases 19 26 Gender Male 13 20 Female 6 6 Age (years) 57.7 ± 9.34 (38–68) 58.5 ± 18.0 (23–85) 0.871 Cause of injury Fall 11 16 Road…
Fig. 5.1 Histological changes in spinal cord tissue 48 h after the compression injury. Rats were treated with thoracic cord compression by a 20-g weight for 20 min (b, c)…
Kenzo Uchida, Masaya Nakamura, Hiroshi Ozawa, Shinsuke Katoh and Yoshiaki Toyama (eds.)Neuroprotection and Regeneration of the Spinal Cord201410.1007/978-4-431-54502-6_2 © Springer Japan 2014 2. Microenvironment Within the Injured Spinal Cord Focusing on IL-6 Masaya Nakamura1 (1) Department of Orthopedic Surgery,…
Fig. 3.1 Process of autophagy. A small volume of cytoplasm is enclosed by the isolation membrane, which results in the formation of an autophagosome. The autophagosome fuses with the lysosome…
Fig. 13.1 (a–c) Depict the sheaths covering the scope harboring suction and dissecting tools constructed for 0° and 30° scopes. The sulcus present in the shaft guides additional instruments to…
Types of tumors Japana Koreaa TVGHb Australiac N = 118 N = 125 N = 84 (8.5%) N = 37 1–25 years 1–12 years 1–18 years 1–16 years Pineal tumors 74 (88.1 %) Suprasellar-pineal tumors 10 (11.9 %) …
