OCD: Serotonergic Mechanisms
Fig. 17.1 A schematic of the similar metabolic pathways of the 5-HT precursor tryptophan and the analogous radioisotope α-[11C]MTrp. PNS peripheral nervous system, CNS central nervous system, BBB blood-brain barrier,…
Molecular Imaging Studies in Stimulant Addiction: A Cross-Species Perspective
Fig. 22.1 Schematic illustration showing the major co-morbidities associated with adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, including alcohol and drug dependence (From Kessler et al. (2006)) 22.2 SPECT/PET Studies in Addiction…
Neurobiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: The Role of Nuclear Neuroimaging
Fig. 14.1 The amygdalocentric neurocircuitry model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Excitatory connections are labelled “+”; inhibitory connections are labelled “–” (From Deckersbach et al. (2006); adapted from Rauch et al….
The Role of P-Glycoprotein in Psychiatric Disorders and in Psychiatric Treatment
Fig. 4.1 Cross section of a brain capillary, depicting the main components An important component in the protection of the brain against toxic influences is the multispecific efflux pump P-glycoprotein….
Abnormalities in Reward Processing in Drug Addiction: Lessons from Neuropsychology and Neuroimaging Studies
Fig. 23.1 Drug fluency: a 1-min marker of processing bias in addiction. Subjects were asked to “call to mind and name as many drug-related words as possible for 1 min.”…
Neuroimaging in Seasons and Winter Depression
Method Author Subjects Outcome Structural MRI Schwartzet al. (1997) 19 SAD/19 HC No change of pituitary volume due to winter depression or season Miranda-Scippaet al. (2008) 12 SAD/12 HC No…
PET and SPECT Imaging of Non-pharmacological Interventions for Psychiatric Disorders
Author Radiotracer used Number of patients, type of disorder (responders) Healthy controls Timing of second scan after completion of ECT ECT: number of sessions, type of stimulation Areas of decreased…
PET and SPECT Studies in the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis
Published year – First author No. of patients Tracer Findings 1992 – Ichise 60 99mTc-HMPAO Lower cortical/cerebellar regional cerebral blood ratios in comparison with healthy controls; regions involved – frontal,…
PET and SPECT Imaging in ADHD
(1) Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands 31.1 Introduction 31.2 Aetiology 31.3 Neuroanatomy 31.4 Structural…
Bipolar Disorders
Study (author, year) Subjects Medication Method Main findings al-Mousawi et al. (1996) 15 BD-I (15 M) + 11FDG-PET resting state Decreased left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left amygdala in the…
