Mood Disorders
Introduction In the early 1800s as Blake wandered the drab lanes of London, his eyes met the face of depression at every corner. Depression stalked among merchants, seamen, and prostitutes…
Neural bases of focusing attention in working memory
Figure 6.1 Activated areas on axial planes of the standard glass brain images (upper side of axial image shows left hemisphere). The figure on the left shows the activated areas averaged…
Activation, binding, and selective access
Figure 20.1 Graphical representation of the three-layer model. The small circles represent representational elements in long-term memory, linked by associations (continuous lines); the activated part of long-term memory is designated by…
The ins and outs of working memory
Figure 5.1 An illustration of focus-switching effect (data from Verhaeghen and Basak 2005, Experiment 1). The top of the figure illustrates the two-tier structure of working memory (McElree 2001): within working memory, only…
The interpretation of temporal isolation effects
Figure 8.1 Serial position curves for all presentation schedules in both conditions in Experiment 1. (p.141) schedule, F(2, 44) = 3.66, MSe = 0.01,p ‹ 0.05; and serial position, F(6, 132) = 132.87, MSe =…
Accounting for age-related differences in working memory using the feature model
(p.172) For the end positions, a slightly different equation is used, which takes into account the limit that perturbation can occur in only one direction. For position 1, 2 and for…
Relational processing is fundamental to the central executive and is limited to four variables
Figure 16.1 Example problems (8 bars). Graphs were presented in blue and yellow, represented here by black and gray, respectively. (a) 2 × 2-way. Answers: smaller, greater. (b) Three-way. Answer: smaller….
Activated long-term memory?
Figure 19.1 fMRI correlates of attention-based rehearsal of locations in working memory. The data illustrated here correspond to a delayed-location discrimination task in which subjects, while fixating centrally, judged whether a…
A neural efficiency hypothesis of age-related changes in human working memory performance
Figure 17.1 (a) Reaction time across memory-load conditions for younger subjects (squares) and older subjects (diamonds). (b) Accuracy rate across memory-load conditions for younger subjects (squares) and older subjects (diamonds). (p.289) were…
Intersecting the divide between working memory and episodic memory
Figure 18.1 Illustration of implementation of the mixed blocked/event-related fMRI design. exhibit sustained activation changes throughout an entire task. Item-related processes on the other hand implicate the cognitive operations that are…
