Genetics of Cerebellar Low-Grade Astrocytomas
141. Kurwale NS, Suri V, Suri A et al (2011) Predictive factors for early symptomatic recurrence in pilocytic astrocytoma: does angiogenesis have a role to play? J Clin Neurosci 18(4):472–477PubMed…
Oncological Management of Ependymomas
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015M. Memet Özek, Giuseppe Cinalli, Wirginia Maixner and Christian Sainte-Rose (eds.)Posterior Fossa Tumors in Children10.1007/978-3-319-11274-9_24 24. Oncological Management of Ependymomas Jacques Grill1 and Maria-Jesus Lobon Iglesias1 (1) Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Rue…
Ependymomas: Surgery
Fig. 22.1 (a) Sitting position for a young child. (b) The dura is opened in a U-shaped fashion down to the occipito-C1 ligament that will facilitate the dura closure. When…
Molecular Biology and Genetics of Medulloblastoma
Fig. 14.1 Medulloblastoma tumor pathology: (Top left panel) representative axial midline vermian Medulloblastoma and photomicrographs of classic medulloblastoma; (Top right panel) representative immunofluorescence staining on medulloblastoma cells; (Bottom); cartoon that…
Neuroimaging in CSF Shunt Complications
Fig. 3.1 Shunt series in a 14-year-old patient with a Strata VP shunt: (a, b) skull, (c) chest, and (d) abdomen radiographs showing the integrity of the shunt To facilitate…
Complications Specific to Pleural Type of CSF Shunt
Fig. 15.1 Drawing showing the pleural step of a VPL shunt technique. A small transverse skin incision is made in the third to the fifth anterior intercostal space, and the…
Cranio-cerebral Disproportion as a Late Complication
Features CSF overdrainage SVS ACCD Clinical features Age at shunt placement Not related <3 years <3 years Shunt valve pressure Usually low Not related Not related Delay to clinical onset…
Clinical Manifestations of CSF Shunt Complications
Type of complication % Mechanical complications: proximal catheter, valve, or distal catheter obstruction, disconnection, fracture, migration, etc. 8–64 Functional complications (under- and overdrainage) 3–50 Shunt infection 3–12 Intra-abdominal complications (only…
Mechanical Complications of Shunts
Fig. 8.1 Scanning Electron Microscopy of a shunt valve of diaphragm type, removed from a patient due to shunt malfunction. There is precipitation of crystals on the diaphragm, which with…
Subdural Collections: Hygroma and Haematoma
Fig. 22.1 Normal pressure hydrocephalus: (a) CT at diagnosis. (b–d) CT showing the emergence of a left subdural hygroma at 3 months after shunting The treatment options for children or…
