© Springer Science+Business Media LLC 2017Mauro Manconi and Diego García-Borreguero (eds.)Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis Ekbom Disease10.1007/978-1-4939-6777-3_14 14. Management of Augmentation Diego García-Borreguero1 (1) Sleep Research Institute, Madrid, Paseo de la Habana, 151, 28036 Madrid, Spain Diego García-Borreguero…
Preamble Augmentation is a worsening of RLS symptom severity experienced by patients undergoing treatment for RLS. The RLS symptoms in general are more severe than those experienced at baseline A….
Author, year Design Duration Interventionb N. patients F:M Agea IRLSG scorea Disease durationa Outcome Results Allen 2014 RCT 52 weeks Pregabalin 300 mg versus pramipexole 0.25 mg versus pramipexole 0.50 mg 540, ITT…
Fig. 10.1 RLS in chronic renal failure and outcome Cardio- and Cerebrovascular Risk RLS from different studies seems to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, hypertension, diabetes, and…
Fig. 9.1 A cross-section of m tibialis anterior, immunohistochemically stained for capillaries (CD31), from an age-matched control (a) and from a RLS patient with a larger capillary network (b) The expression…
Fig. 8.1 Relationships between Willis–Ekbom disease (WED), periodic limb movements of sleep (PLMS), and cardiovascular disease are complex and potentially multidirectional Mechanisms by Which WED and/or PLMS Could Cause Cardiovascular Disease…
© Springer Science+Business Media LLC 2017Mauro Manconi and Diego García-Borreguero (eds.)Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis Ekbom Disease10.1007/978-1-4939-6777-3_7 7. Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Changes Associated with Periodic Limb Movements Raffaele Ferri1 and Fouzia Siddiqui2 (1) Sleep Research Centre, Department…
RLS (DSM-5 criteria) Psychotropic-induced Akathisia Location Legs principally or exclusively involved (A) Generalized, including upper extremities as well Dysesthesias Very common (A) Rare Relation to movement Worse during inactivity…
Study Sample n/sex/age Study design/drug/duration Comparison Findings Outcomes Grünberger alphabetical cancellation test: no. letters processed, % errors, variability Numerical memory test: no. of items Fine motor activity: Left hand (L),…
© Springer Science+Business Media LLC 2017Mauro Manconi and Diego García-Borreguero (eds.)Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis Ekbom Disease10.1007/978-1-4939-6777-3_5 5. Health-Related Quality of Life and Depression Symptom Measures for the Assessment of Treatment in Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis–Ekbom Disease Jan Wesstrom1,…
