Abstract Intrathecal (IT) infusion plays an important role in the treatment of medically intractable pain and spasticity. Moreover, it potentially may serve as the delivery route for future treatments for…
Abstract Occipital electrode placement into the subcutaneous tissues, innervated by and adjacent to the greater, lesser, and/or third occipital nerves from the C2-3 nerve roots for intractable occipital headache syndromes,…
Abstract Traditionally, deep brain stimulation has been performed by using frame-based stereotaxy in an awake patient. Frame-based stereotaxy has been the technique of choice due to its perceived superior accuracy…
Abstract Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of subcortical nodes improves the motor function in Parkinson disease, dystonia and tremor, and behavioral symptoms in obsessive-compulsive disorder. This resetting of dysfunctional brain networks…
Abstract Spinal cord stimulation provides a nondestructive and adjustable method of pain relief for several neuropathic pain syndromes, including failed back surgery syndrome and complex regional pain syndrome. Optimizing pain…
Abstract Optogenetics is defined as the use of light-based technologies that are genetically targeted to certain cellular groups or proteins. In practice, optogenetics most often refers to the use of…
Abstract Peripheral nerve field stimulation (PNFS) has become known as a safe, effective, and reversible alternative for pain management for many refractory pain conditions, including chronic low back pain (CLBP)….
Abstract This chapter discusses the pros and cons of rehabilitation gaming as an approach to upper extremity rehabilitation after a stroke. Gaming as a means of rehabilitation can expand access…
Abstract Neuromodulation with electrical stimulation (ES) is an effective intervention. A limitation, however, is that present-day implanted systems provide only continuous stimulation and any change in the underlying neurophysiologic state…
Abstract Focused ultrasound ablation is an emerging treatment for neurologic and psychiatric disorders. The ability to perform subthreshold sonications to evoke reversible clinical effects makes it suitable for functional neurosurgery….
