Neonatal Hypotonia
Keywords Hypotonia, clinical assessment, distinguishing features, anatomic loci Introduction Neonatal hypotonia, manifested by the clinical appearance of a “floppy infant” ( Figure 6.1 ) and by diminished resistance to…
Electromyography in Pediatrics
Keywords Electromyography, pediatrics, neural conduction, infant, neonate Introduction This chapter discusses the use and techniques of pediatric electromyography (EMG). In a comprehensive text on neuromuscular disease such as this,…
Genetics of Neuromuscular Disorders
Keywords Genetic testing, genetic, genomic, mutation, chromosome microarray, DNA sequencing, whole exome sequencing, muscular dystrophy, Duchenne muscular dystrophy Introduction Many neuromuscular disorders in children are single gene disorders, and…
Introduction: Historical Perspectives
Keywords Historical perspectives on pediatric neuromuscular disease, DNA diagnostics, EMG, muscle biopsy, diagnostic tests, clinical classification of pediatric neuromuscular disease, clinical approach, presenting complaints Introduction The role of the…
Amplitude-Integrated EEG and Its Potential Role in Augmenting Management Within the NICU
Abstract Electroencephalography (EEG) or amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG) provides important information on brain function in newborns. It can detect subclinical seizures and assess the effect of antiepileptic medication, and the background…
Congenital Heart Disease: An Important Cause of Brain Injury and Dysmaturation
Abstract Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common malformation in humans. The psychomotor development of children with CHD has been shown to be delayed in many aspects throughout adulthood….
Neonatal Hypotonia
Abstract Neonatal hypotonia can be caused by diseases that impair both the central and the peripheral nervous systems; it represents a diagnostic challenge to both the experienced neonatologist and pediatric…
Long-Term Follow-Up of the Very Preterm Graduate
Abstract Neonatal care is continually changing. There is increasing evidence that these advances work together to produce incremental improvements in outcome, promoting survival of children without serious impairment. Thus major…
Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus, Congenital Cytomegalovirus, and Congenital Zika Virus Infections
Abstract Bacterial meningitis occurs in approximately 0.4 neonates per 1000 live births. Virtually all organisms that cause neonatal infection or sepsis can result in central nervous system disease with severe…
Hyperbilirubinemia and the Risk for Brain Injury
Abstract Starting in the 1950s through the 1980s, clinical practice has evolved to essentially eliminate classic kernicterus. Great strides have been made in the management of neonatal jaundice, hyperbilirubinemia, and…
