6 Transoral Approach
10.1055/b-0034-63754 6 Transoral Approach The transoral approach affords the surgeon exposure for midline lesions located from the lower third of the clivus to the upper cervical spine. This procedure is…
6.5 Thoracolumbar spine trauma classification systems
10.1055/b-0034-98165 6.5 Thoracolumbar spine trauma classification systems 1 Introduction Classification systems are a potentially powerful tool in patient care, the benefits of which are well documented in the Neuro-surgical and…
6.3 Upper cervical spine trauma classification systems
10.1055/b-0034-98163 6.3 Upper cervical spine trauma classification systems 1 Introduction The upper cervical spine is an anatomically diverse and functionally complex structure, which is defined as the functional unit extending…
6.4 Lower cervical spine trauma classification systems
10.1055/b-0034-98164 6.4 Lower cervical spine trauma classification systems 1 Introduction Classification of injuries should provide a common and understandable language for the scientific community to enhance our ability to aid…
5.4 Degenerative measures: 5.4.2 Spine Classifications and Severity Measures
10.1055/b-0034-98155 5.4 Degenerative measures: 5.4.2 Spine Classifications and Severity Measures Teija Lund 1 Introduction to grading degenerative disc disease: Is it feasible? Is it needed? Why do some discs degenerate…
5.7 Tumor severity measures
10.1055/b-0034-98158 5.7 Tumor severity measures Teija Lund 1 Introduction to classification systems for the management of patients with spinal metastases Metastasis to the spine can be a painful and debilitating…
5.3 Deformity severity measures: 5.3.1 Spine Classifications and Severity Measures
10.1055/b-0034-98150 5.3 Deformity severity measures: 5.3.1 Spine Classifications and Severity MeasuresVincent Arlet 1 Classifications systems and outcome measures for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis The history of spinal deformity classification started with…
6.7 Whole spine trauma classification systems
10.1055/b-0034-98167 6.7 Whole spine trauma classification systems 1 Development and validation of a new generation for spine injury classification Spine fracture classification has come a long way since Böhler’s first…
6.6 Lumbosacral spine trauma classification systems
10.1055/b-0034-98166 6.6 Lumbosacral spine trauma classification systems 1 Introduction to lumbosacral spine classification systems Sacral fractures have been long overlooked or compiled into the area of pelvic ring fractures. The…
6.2 Spinal cord injury severity measures
10.1055/b-0034-98162 6.2 Spinal cord injury severity measures 1 Evolution of classification systems The anatomical and physiological complexity of the spinal cord is daunting and a perfect grading system for neurological…
