A basic familiarity with statistical terms and research methodology is helpful when critically assessing literature for practical evidence-based clinical application. Statistics is the study of the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation,…
The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the Department of Veterans Affairs. Concerns about long-term effects…
Neuropharmacology is a small piece of the overall management of the person with a brain injury. This chapter touches on a few elements of brain injury pharmacology but should not…
Neuromodulation The North American Neuromodulation Society (NANS), founded in 1994, roughly defines neuromodulation as encompassing a number of treatment modalities that exert their effect on the nervous system, typically using…
Given the high complexity and lack of a definitive treatment to overcome the range of sequelae of traumatic brain injury (TBI), patients and families often turn to complementary therapies to…
Nomenclature and taxonomy • The three main disorders of consciousness (DoC) are coma, the vegetative state (VS), and the minimally conscious state (MCS). • It is important to distinguish between…
Anoxia is defined by the total absence of oxygen to the tissues or a particular organ such as the brain. The term anoxic brain injury (ABI) is frequently used synonymously…
The dual diagnosis of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) has clinical and diagnostic features of both conditions typically stemming from a single traumatic event. These…
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) makes up 85% to 90% of all traumatic brain injury (TBI) cases. Based on clinical outcomes and formal research, most people with an mTBI will…
Nontraumatic brain injury (NTBI) is a broad category of brain disorders not resulting from traumatic forces. Included in this category are acquired brain injuries resulting from ischemic cerebrovascular disease, infection,…
