162 Fundamentals: Occipital and C1–C2 FusionRichard C. E. Anderson Indications Traumatic instability Ligamentous instability Congenital instability (e.g., Down syndrome, skeletal dysplasias) ♦ Preoperative Imaging Anteroposterior, lateral, and open-mouth cervical spine…
163 Sagittal SynostosisAmer F. Samdani and Phillip B. Storm Indications Fused sagittal suture causing abnormally narrow and elongated skull (scaphocephalic or dolichocephalic skull) ♦ Preoperative Operative Planning Physical exam Clinical…
125 Correction of Degenerative Lumbar ScoliosisPeter D. Angevine Indications Progressive, painful deformity Symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis with deformity ♦ Preoperative Operative Planning Review imaging (plain radiographs, magnetic resonance imaging, myelogram/computed…
160 Posterior Fossa Decompression for Chiari MalformationsNeil A. Feldstein Indications Chiari I malformation (caudal descent of the cerebellar tonsils below the foramen magnum) with associated occipital headache (particularly with Valsalva),…
161 Tethered Spinal Cord ReleaseSaadi Ghatan ♦ Preoperative Operative Planning Examination Physical: assess cutaneous markings, neurologic deficits Urodynamic evaluation with post-void residual and/or more comprehensive testing if urological dysfunction is…
156 Muscle and Nerve BiopsyChristopher J. Winfree ♦ Muscle Biopsy Indications Progressive, congenital or acquired, unexplained muscle weakness, pain, and /or atrophy Preoperative Special Equipment Basic tray Operating Room Set-up…
154 Mini-Open Carpal Tunnel ReleaseChristopher J. Winfree Indications Carpal tunnel syndrome, diagnosed by clinical and electrodiagnostic studies An appropriate trial of conservative management (behavior modification, splinting, etc.) is attempted first….
158 Encephalocele RepairSaadi Ghatan Indications Surgical correction is appropriate in almost all cases If the amount of neural tissue in the sac exceeds the remaining tissue in the cranium, then…
IIIPeripheral Nerve 151 Supraclavicular and Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Exposure and ProceduresRobert J. Spinner Indications Trauma Tumor Entrapment (thoracic outlet syndrome) ♦ Preoperative Operative Planning Review imaging (magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]…
IVPediatric 157 EncephaloduroarteriosynangiosisEdward R. Smith and R. Michael Scott Indications Rationale for surgery Progression of disease can be slow or fulminant and is difficult to predict. A majority of patients…
