Brain Tumors
Fig. 14.1 Case 1 Imaging. (a, b) Pretreatment axial and coronal T1 post-contrast MRIs demonstrate a ring-enhancing intra-axial mass with central necrosis. (c) Pretreatment axial FLAIR MRI demonstrates surrounding vasogenic…
Multimodality Monitoring
Fig. 20.1 Case presentation head CT showing bilateral frontal contusions An MRI of the brain revealed evolution of the bifrontal contusions, but no strokes were seen. After many days the…
Acute Ischemic Stroke
Fig. 6.1 Non-contrast head CT demonstrating a hyperdense right middle cerebral artery 6.2.2 Case 2 Patient is an 87-year-old right-handed man with a history of hypertension, diabetes, and ischemic stroke…
Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Fig. 5.1 Example of cerebellar ICH with early hydrocephalus Fig. 5.2 Example of IVH Her ICH score was 3 (GCS 8, infratentorial, intraventricular hemorrhage). She had a six-hour stability CT…
Pharmacology
General spectrum of activity Antimicrobial Typical daily dosing range (admixture in preservative-free solutions) Common adverse effects Gram positive Vancomycin 10–20 mg /1 mL NS Headache, mental status changes, possible hyponatremia…
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Fig. 4.1 This 61-year-old woman presented with a sudden-onset, severe headache. (a) A CT head (axial) demonstrates a starburst pattern of subarachnoid hemorrhage. (b) A 3D reconstruction of a CTA…
Spinal Cord Injury
Absolute indications Complete spinal cord injury above C5 level Respiratory distress Hypoxemia despite attempts at oxygenation Severe respiratory acidosis Relative indications Complaint of shortness of breath Development of quad breathinga…
Malignant Ischemic Stroke and Hemicraniectomy
Fig. 8.1 Left-sided malignant middle cerebral artery infarction evolving over 4 days (Images courtesy of Eric Jüttler) Fig. 8.2 Computed tomography (left, transversal) and magnetic resonance imaging (right, coronar) after…
Seizures and Status Epilepticus
Semiology for focal-onset seizures Frontal lobe Disinhibited behaviors Confusion Automatisms Temporal lobe Confusion Auditory hallucinations Chewing, lip smacking Parietal lobe Paresthesias (warmth, cold, tingling, numbness) Loss of awareness Confusion Occipital…
Traumatic Brain Injury
Fig. 10.1 Typical radiological appearance of the various primary injuries in TBI. (a) Non-contrast axial CT demonstrating right > left frontal lobe contusions with hemorrhage; (b) non-contrast axial CT demonstrating…
