Fig. 14.1 Illustration showing the four segments of the vertebral artery (V1-V4) as well as its relationship to adjacent structures. BA basilar artery, PICA posterior inferior cerebellar artery, SA subclavian…
Fig. 11.1 (continued) Images showing steps of a retrosigmoid approach for resection of a left small VS. Axial CT brain cuts without contrast (a) and with contrast (b) demonstrating medially located…
Class PTA (dB) SDS (%) A ≤ 30 and ≥ 70 B > 30, ≤50 and ≥ 50 C > 50 and ≥ 50 D Any level < 50 PTA…
Fig. 1.1 Posterior fossa osseous and dural enclosure. (a) Superior view of the skull base. The posterior fossa is enclosed by the sphenoid, temporal, and occipital bones . The bony…
Fig. 10.1 MRI of a 38-year-old female presenting with headaches and dysphagia. (a–c) Preoperative imaging. (a,b) T1-weighted image with gadolinium demonstrating an anteriorly located FMM eccentric to the right. (c)…
Fig. 8.1 Diagram of positions of meningiomas in axial and sagittal plane. APFM (a, b), MPFM (b, e). PPFM (c, f) (Published with permission) Tumors of the middle petrous face…
Fig. 13.1 Images of a breast cancer patient with multiple metastatic lesions. (a–d) Preoperative axial T1-weighted, contrast-enhanced MRIs demonstrating posterior fossa lesions and multiple supratentorial lesions. This patient had mild…
Fig. 2.1 Skull model with parietomastoid and occipitomastoid sutures identified and labeled A burr hole placed just anterior to the asterion typically exposes the junction of the transverse and sigmoid…
Fig. 5.1 Head positioning incorporates four movements: anteroposterior flexion to expose the suboccipital region; contralateral flexion to bring the vertex away from the shoulder; contralateral rotation to make the suboccipital…
Fig. 12.1 Axial (a), coronal (b), and sagittal (c) CT scans of the brain demonstrating a hypodense lesion located at the left CPA angle. Note the supratentorial extension of the…
