Continuous EEG Monitoring for Status Epilepticus
Fig. 23.1 The EEG of a nonconvulsive seizure. This is an EEG (settings: 7 uV; low-frequency filter: 1 Hz; high frequency filter: 70 Hz; and notch filter turned on), from an 87-year-old man…
Myoclonic Status Epilepticus
Gastaut classification Etiology Exemplary condition Mental status EEG background Typical duration of MSE Clinical characteristics of myoclonus Frequency of myoclonus Stimulus-sensitive EEG correlate Time-locked EEG Location of presumed physiologic disturbance…
Status Epilepticus in the Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsies
Fig. 15.1 a Electroencephalogram (EEG) with time-frequency analysis (TFA) on a 58-year-old woman with about 35 generalized tonic-clonic seizures since the age of 30 years. This patient is in IGE-AS with moderate…
Status Epilepticus in Critically Ill Children
Type of status epilepticus Time 1 (Treatment started) (min) Time 2 (Consequences expected) Tonic-clonic 5 30 min Focal with impaired consciousness 10 >60 min Absence 15 Unknown Adapted from Trinka…
Treatment of Refractory and Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus
Fig. 17.1 Suggested algorithm for the selection of 3rd–5th line anti-seizure drugs for treatment of refractory status epilepticus. ASD anti-seizure drug Table 17.1 Non-anesthetic anti-seizure drug options for the treatment of refractory…
Periodic EEG Patterns
Fig. 5.1 Examples of periodic and rhythmic waveforms. EEG is displayed in a longitudinal bipolar montage. Filter settings and scale are shown in the figure. a Left temporoparietal lateralized periodic discharges…
Status Epilepticus in Neonates
(1) Neurology, Division of Pediatric and Developmental Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine and St. Louis Children’s Hospital, 660 South Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8111, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA …
Clinical Presentations of Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus
Artifactual Rhythmic, regular or paroxysmal muscle movement, ECG, or ballistocardiographic artifacts Physiologic rhythmic patterns or patterns of nonepileptic significance Rhythmic midtemporal theta of drowsiness Subclinical rhythmic epileptiform discharges of adults…
Designing New Studies in Status Epilepticus
Stage Treatment threshold Treatment Response criterion Prophylaxis Periodic discharges lasting ≥1 min Start maintenance therapy with ASD #1 No progression to seizures 1st line therapy Single seizure lasting ≥1 min (with any…
Pediatric Status Epilepticus: Initial Management and the Special Syndromes of Status Epilepticus in Children
Axis 1: Semiology (A) With prominent motor symptoms A.1: Convulsive SE (CSE) A.2: Myoclonic SE A.3: Focal motor SE A.4: Tonic SE A.5: Hyperkinetic SE (B) Without prominent motor symptoms…
