Introduction to Heart Rate Variability
Fig. 7.1 Power spectrum of short-term HRV and frequency ranges modulated by sympathetic and vagal heart rate controls. While cardiac vagal control system can modulate heart rate in the entire…
Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Cardiovascular Disease
Fig. 3.1 Impact of sympathetic nerve stimulation on hemodynamics in a dog. Random electrical stimulation with an average of 1 Hz enhanced heart rate, left ventricular systolic pressure, and first derivative…
Physiological Background of Reduced Cardiac 123I-Meta-Iodobenzylguanidine Uptake
Fig. 17.1 Changes in SBP and peak AFV after infusion of 4 μg/kg/min dobutamine controls and PD patients. (a) The mean change in SBP is significantly greater in the PD group…
Heart Rate Variability and Cardiac Diseases
Fig. 10.1 Kaplan-Meier survival curves from the Multicenter Post-Infarction Study demonstrating a decreased survival among patients with an SDNN of <50 ms (Reprinted from Kleiger et al. [2] with permission) The…
Heart Rate Variability and Neurological Disorders
Control n = 20 De novo PD without OH n = 20 P value BRSII (ms/mmHg) 3.6 ± 2.2 2.7 ± 1.9 ns BRSIV (ms/mmHg) 6.1 ± 4.0 4.0 ± 3.6 ns PhaseII_E (mmHg) 20.5 ± 16.8 21.2 ± 13.6 ns PhaseII_L (mmHg) 14.9 ± 12.7 9.5 ± 8.6…
Findings of MIBG Cardiac Scintigraphy: Dementia with Lewy Bodies and Related Dementia
Fig. 16.1 Representative cardiac 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy findings in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Delayed cardiac MIBG scintigraphy showed significant decreased accumulation of MIBG…
Noradrenaline and 123 I-Meta-Iodobenzylguanidine Kinetics in the Sympathetic Nervous System
Fig. 13.1 Structural formula of (a) noradrenaline, (b) meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG), (c) guanethidine, and (d) bretylium. MIBG was synthesized on the basis of the structural formulas of guanethidine and bretylium 13.2…
Findings of 123I-MIBG Cardiac Scintigraphy: Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders and Others (RBD, Cardiac Diseases, DM, etc.)
Locus Inheritance Gene Cardiac MIBG uptake Lewy bodies PARK1 AD SNCA mutation Reduced + PARK2 AR Parkin Normal − PARK4 AD SNCA multiplication Reduced + PARK6 AR PINK1 Reduced or…
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia and Entraining Heartbeats with Cheyne-Stokes Respiration: Cardiopulmonary Works to Be Minimal by Synchronizing Heartbeats with Breathing
Fig. 8.1 Polygraphic recordings of Cheyne-Stokes respiration in a patient with congestive heart failure in 180 s. From top to bottom, electrocardiogram, oronasal flow, ribcage motion, and arterial oxygen saturation on…
Technical Considerations for MIBG Cardiac Scintigraphy
Fig. 14.1 Structures of gamma camera and the effect of high-energy photons penetration between low-energy collimator and medium-energy collimator on the results of heart-to-mediastinum ratio. 123I emits not only 159 keV…
