Figure 17.1 (a) Reaction time across memory-load conditions for younger subjects (squares) and older subjects (diamonds). (b) Accuracy rate across memory-load conditions for younger subjects (squares) and older subjects (diamonds). (p.289) were…
Figure 18.1 Illustration of implementation of the mixed blocked/event-related fMRI design. exhibit sustained activation changes throughout an entire task. Item-related processes on the other hand implicate the cognitive operations that are…
Next, we calculated an overall measure of the percentage single task to combined task change by taking the median of the percentage change scores across the two tasks. The median…
Figure 21.1 FMRI activation patterns during working memory for fractal-like patterns (‘WHAT’), the locations of those patterns (‘WHERE’), or both the patterns and their locations (‘BOTH’). There is a dorsal/ventral spatial/nonspatial…
Figure 14.1 Diagram of screenshots depicting the order and timing of events in a computerized Corsi blocks procedure. The example shown depicts a two-location trial. Events run in the direction of…
Figure 13.1 A process-based model for explaining working memory processes in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Based on these findings, we proposed a process-based model to understand how working memory is performed…
Figure 12.1 Experimental design of the selective working memory task. Tasks differed in the instructions given at the beginning of each run and in the response requirements. Participants were instructed to…
where N corresponds to the number of retrievals (i.e., the number of digits to be read), a to a parameter that represents the difficulty of these retrievals, that is to say the time during…
Figure 15.1 Propagation of activation from input to response (thin lines), and task-set related processes modulating bottom-up processing. The box WM shows task-set representation in working memory. The goal representation modulates…
