5: Circadian Rhythm Disorders
Section 5 Circadian Rhythm Disorders Questions A 22-year-old Man with Excessive Daytime Sleepiness The patient is a 22-year-old man who recently graduated from Georgia Tech in Atlanta with an engineering…
2: Physiology
Section 2 Physiology 2.1 Organ System Physiology in Sleep: Respiratory Questions A Medical Student Volunteers for an Experiment A 23-year-old male first-year medical student volunteers to be a subject in…
4: Pharmacology
Section 4 Pharmacology Questions Psychotropic Drugs A Case of Waking Up Four Times at Night A 48-year-old woman presents to your clinic with a 10-year history of insomnia. Many years…
12: Considerations Unique to Childhood
Section 12 Considerations Unique to Childhood Questions A Nervous New Mother A first-time mother leaves the hospital with her newborn daughter. Her own mother had given her an old copy…
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Adult Psychiatric Disorders: A Comprehensive Overview
Fig. 18.1 Chemical structure of short-chain ω-6 arachidonic acid (AA) and long-chain ω-6 linolenic acid (LA) Fig. 18.2 Chemical structure of short-chain ω-3 α-linolenic acid (ALA) and long-chain ω-3s eicosapentaenoic…
The Role of Infections and Autoimmune Diseases for Schizophrenia and Depression: Findings from Large-Scale Epidemiological Studies
Schizophrenia spectrum disorders in persons without infections Schizophrenia spectrum disorder in persons with hospital contact with infections Autoimmune disease RRa 95 % CI Cases RRa 95 % CI Cases…
The Role of Inflammation in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Fig. 14.1 Contributions of genetic and environmental factors to alterations in the CNS Animal Models of ASD BTBR Mouse Model Animal models of human conditions allow researchers to directly test…
Immune System Related Markers: Changes in childhood Neuropsychiatry Disorders Cause and Consequence
Fig. 9.1 Immune system and the environmental impact on the brain Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Several studies have evaluated levels of cortisol in children exposed to trauma (Johnson et al. 2013;…
Animal Models Based on Immune Challenge: The Link to Brain Changes and Schizophrenia
Group Brain markers Brain structure Brain genes Behavior nNOS Reelin GFAP Pyramidal cell atrophy Brain atrophy MBP PLP Net-nd P HSCP70 Prepulse inhibition Influenza mouse model Adulthood ↓ ↓ ↑…
Mild Encephalitis Theory of Psychiatric Disorders
Fig. 5.1 CE usually develops within a short time period of hours to days and involves strong neuroinflammatory alterations within CSF spaces and the brain parenchyma. The latter has been…
