Much will be gained if we succeed in transforming your hysterical misery into common unhappiness. —Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) I. THE GENERAL CLINICAL FEATURES OF CONVERSION DISORDER (FUNCTIONAL NEUROLOGIC SYMPTOM DISORDER) A. Definition…
In clinical situations there are three principal factors that can legitimately influence the decision making process. These are: 1. The scientific evidence 2. The practitioner’s clinical experience 3. The practical…
29 Minimally Invasive Spinal Fusion Procedures Mark P. Kuper, Mark C. Valente, William R. Taylor, and Choll W. Kim Conventional open spinal approaches require extensive dissections to allow for the…
27 Spinal Fusion: Anterior Approach Selvon St. Clair and Isador H. Lieberman The technique of spinal arthrodesis was first described by Albee1 in 1911 for the treatment of Pott disease…
31 Postoperative Rehabilitation of Lumbar Spine Patients Lawrence W. Frank Postoperative rehabilitation of lumbar spine patients seems like an intuitively good idea. However, the details of rehabilitation programs are a…
26 Spinal Fusion: Posterior Approaches E. Andrew Stevens and Charles L. Branch Jr. Damage and degeneration of the lumbar disc can be the result of aging, activity, and trauma. Biochemical…
32 Surgical Treatment of Degenerative Lumbar Disc Disease: A Critical Review Stewart M. Kerr, Andrew P. White, and Todd J. Albert Surgery rates for degenerative lumbar conditions vary regionally within…
2 Anatomy and Physiology of the Lumbar Intervertebral Disc and Endplates Michael A. Adams Intervertebral discs (IVDs) are pads of fibrocartilage that lie between the vertebral bodies of the spine….
24 Posterior Nonfusion Pedicle Screw-based Stabilization Neel Anand and Eli M. Baron Posterior nonfusion pedicle screw-based stabilization is a technology whose role has yet to be fully defined in the…
14 Degenerative Disc Imaging Troy Hutchins and M. Marcel Maya Essential to radiographic evaluation of lumbar degenerative disc disease are appropriate patient selection and thorough clinical evaluation. A significant overlap…
