Cluster Headache
Begins between ages 20 and 45, approximately 0.4 % of the population Male predominance in a 2.5 : 1 ratios Same time of year with no headache in between the cluster…
Psychological Comorbidities
Caitlin is a 27-year-old woman with a history of migraines and anxiety. She began having separation anxiety at age 5. The patient can remember hanging onto her mother’s leg “for…
Neuroimages in Autism
Fig. 6.1 Synthesis of findings from existing studies of cortical thickness differences between children and adolescents with ASD and TD, integrated using a sulco-gyral-based parcellation. The red and blue ROIs…
Epidemiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Fig. 2.1 Assuming a true ASD prevalence of 150/10,000 and a sensitivity of 100% for the screening process and total accuracy in the diagnostic confirmation, weighting back phase 2 data…
Understanding on Neuroimmunology in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Fig. 9.1 Functional plasticity of T cells and associated genetic factors may mediate autoimmunity in autism. Naïve CD4+ T cells become differentiated into four different effector cell subtypes, which show…
Current Therapies
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015Maria de los Angeles Robinson-Agramonte (ed.)Translational Approaches to Autism Spectrum Disorder10.1007/978-3-319-16321-5_11 11. Current Therapies Dario Siniscalco1 and Nicola Antonucci2 (1) Department of Experimental Medicine—Division of Pharmacology, Second University of Naples, via…
Neuroinflammation in Animal Models of Autism
Fig. 8.1 Hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis response to peripheral LPS in mice prenatally exposed to VPA. Animals prenatally exposed to VPA show a normal HPA response postnatally, but an exacerbated response…
The Genetic Basis of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Fig. 3.1 Definitions for key terms and concepts Family studies suggest that the risk of recurrence among siblings is between 2 and 6 %, which represents a 20–75 times greater prevalence…
Autism: What Is It?
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015Maria de los Angeles Robinson-Agramonte (ed.)Translational Approaches to Autism Spectrum Disorder10.1007/978-3-319-16321-5_1 1. Autism: What Is It? Roberta Maresca1 and Laura de Magistris2 (1) Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive…
Antibody Mediating Autoimmune Reaction in Autism Spectrum Disorder
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015Maria de los Angeles Robinson-Agramonte (ed.)Translational Approaches to Autism Spectrum Disorder10.1007/978-3-319-16321-5_10 10. Antibody Mediating Autoimmune Reaction in Autism Spectrum Disorder Elena Noris-García1 , Mercedes Adalys Rodríguez-Ravelo2 , Yamila Adams Villalón3 , Gustavo Sierra5 and Maria de…
