html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 11 Withdrawal states and their clinical management Many individuals who have sustained serious problems as a result of their drinking have not developed dependence and…
Figure 10.1: William Sealy Gosset. Courtesy of Guinness/Diageo. History of and current reasons for help-seeking Enquiry should be made both about help sought by the patient in the past and…
(a) Leksell stereotactic frame being applied. (b) Patient on CT gantry with localizer box containing fiducial markers. (c) CT head showing localizer box and fiducial markers; fiducials are seen inside…
Effect on dyskinesia is variable (may be pro-dyskinetic in some and anti-dyskinetic in other patients)Significant reduction in contralateral tremor measurable for up to three months in some patients; occasional patients…
Figure 3.1 Schematic diagram of the nuclei and pathways of the basal ganglia. The nigrostriatal pathway from the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) to the striatum is dopaminergic. In PD…
Figure 6.1 Deep brain stimulation (DBS) system, including a neurostimulator, extension, and DBS lead. Figure courtesy of Medtronic, Inc.; used with permission. Figure 6.2 Patient and clinician programmers. Figure courtesy…
Figure 11.1 Lesion and deep brain stimulator placement for OCD, adapted from Greenberg et al., 2010.6 (Right) Targets in axial view: 1a, anterior thermocapsulotomy; 1b, posterior target used for gamma…
Figure 10.1 Skull x-ray showing DBS leads in an epilepsy patient treated with deep brain stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus. Figure 10.2 Sagittal MRI image of the…
(1 patient at 60)2 or 3 (6 or 7)Ostrem et al. (2014)2371.5–4.560–9060–140Central or dorsal (unipolar or bipolar) Electrode configuration With very few exceptions,37 most clinicians have used unipolar (monopolar) electrode…
Figure 5.1 Schematic representation of the lines of electrical force that radiate from the negative electrode (cathode) for various configurations. In the case of unipolar configuration (a), where there is…
