Nasal Decongestants
Fig. 55.1 Rhinitis medicamentosa. Axial (a) and coronal (b) CT images show marked mucosal thickening of the bilateral inferior turbinates (arrows), with resultant nasal airway obstruction 55.4 Differential Diagnosis Allergic…
Bromocriptine (Parlodel) and Cabergoline (Dostinex)
Fig. 24.1 Tumor shrinkage. Coronal T2-weighted (a) and coronal post-contrast T1-weighted (b) MR images show a pituitary prolactinoma (arrows) that compresses the optic apparatus. Coronal T2-weighted (c) and coronal post-contrast…
Manganese in Total Parenteral Nutrition
Fig. 41.1 Manganese toxicity in total parenteral nutrition. Axial (a, b) and sagittal (c, d) T1-weighted MRI images show patchy hyperintensity within the bilateral basal ganglia, cerebral peduncles, and anterior…
Vigabatrin (Sabril)
Fig. 29.1 Vigabatrin neurotoxicity. An infant with a history of tuberous sclerosis treated with vigabatrin presented with lethargy. Axial T2-weighted MR images (panel a), DWI (panel b), and ADC maps…
Topical Prostaglandin Analogues
Fig. 54.1 Prostaglandin-associated periorbitopathy. The patient has a history of the left eye only Lumigan use for a number of years and had left enophthalmos along with superior sulcus deformity…
Retinoids (13-cis-Retinoic Acid, Isotretinoin, Accutane, All-trans-retinoic acid)
Fig. 53.1 Hyperostosis in a patient with long-term retinoid therapy. Lateral radiograph of the cervical spine shows multilevel flowing ossification in the distribution of the anterior longitudinal ligament (arrows) ATRA…
1,3-Bis(2-Chloroethyl)-1-Nitrosourea (BCNU; Carmustine) Polymer Wafer (Gliadel)
Fig. 18.1 Carmustine Gliadel wafers. Axial (a) and coronal (b) CT images obtained on the first postoperative day show the linear hyperattenuating wafers (arrows) lining the right parietal surgical cavity….
Dilantin (Phenytoin Sodium)
Fig. 27.1 Cerebellar atrophy related to phenytoin use. Coronal T2-weighted (a) and sagittal T1-weighted (b) MR images demonstrate disproportionate diffuse cerebellar atrophy Another neurological effect of phenytoin is a transient…
Hypertonic Saline
Fig. 36.1 Osmotic demyelination related to rapid correction of hyponatremia with hypertonic saline. Axial FLAIR (a, b), axial DWI (c, d), and axial ADC maps (e, f) show a trident-shaped…
Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents
Fig. 13.1 Biodistribution of extracellular gadolinium-based contrast agents. Normal non-contrast T1 image (a) and corresponding post-contrast fat-suppressed T1 image (b) obtained with intravenous administration of MultiHance show expected enhancement within…
