38 Endoscopic Endonasal Transphenoidal Approach Kevin Swong, Asterios Tsimpas, Chirag R. Patel, and Anand V. Germanwala 38.1 Patient Positioning • Position: The patient is positioned supine with slight rotation towards…
49 Middle Cerebral Artery – Internal Maxillary Artery Bypass Ahmed Maamoun Ashour, Katie Huynh, Joanna Kemp, Brian Kang, Nathan Cherian, Savannah Scott, Sneha Koduru, and Saleem I. Abdulrauf 49.1 Introduction…
23 Supracerebellar Infratentorial Approach Pablo González-López, Javier Abarca Olivas, Iván Verdú-Martínez, and Sananthan Sivakanthan 23.1 Introduction The supracerebellar infratentorial approach is suitable for the bilateral exposure of the pineal region…
14 Frontal and Bifrontal Approach Filippo Gagliardi, Alfio Spina, Michele Bailo, Martina Piloni, Cristian Gragnaniello, Anthony J. Caputy, and Pietro Mortini 14.1 Introduction The unilateral frontal craniotomy and its further…
32 Surgical Anatomy of the Petrous Bone Martina Piloni, Filippo Gagliardi, Cristian Gragnaniello, Anthony J. Caputy, and Pietro Mortini 32.1 Introduction A comprehensive knowledge of the complex anatomy of the…
37 Microscopic Endonasal and Sublabial Approach Michael Buchfelder and Sven-Martin Schlaffer 37.1 Introduction The microscopic endonasal and sublabial approach is a midline skull-base approach, which provides direct access to the…
10 Precaruncular Approach to the Medial Orbit and Central Skull Base Jeremy N. Ciporen and Brandon P. Lucke-Wold 10.1 Introduction In order to decrease scarring and improve healing times, the…
40 Endoscopic Endonasal Modified Lothrop Approach to Anterior Cranial Fossa Yi Chen Zhao, Peter-John Wormald, and Stephen Santoreneos 40.1 Introduction The endoscopic endonasal modified Lothrop approach is an endoscopic approach,…
39 Expanded Endoscopic Endonasal Approach Zachary Litvack, Cristian Gragnaniello, Alan Siu, and Ameet Singh 39.1 Indications • Craniopharyngioma. • Tuberculum sellae meningioma. • Planum sphenoidale meningioma. • Olfactory groove meningioma….
17 Combined Orbito-Zygomatic Approaches Pietro Mortini, Alfio Spina, Michele Bailo, Anthony J. Caputy, Cristian Gragnaniello, and Filippo Gagliardi 17.1 Introduction The Fronto-orbito-zygomatic (FOZ) approach represents one of the workhorses of…
