28 Far Lateral Approach and Principles of Vertebral Artery Mobilization João Paulo Almeida, Mateus Reghin Neto, and Evandro de Oliveira 28.1 Introduction The far lateral approach is a lateral approach,…
26 Retrosigmoid Approach Marcio S. Rassi, Jean G. de Oliveira, Daniel D. Cavalcanti, and Luis A. B. Borba 26.1 Introduction The retrosigmoid approach is a lateral approach to the posterior…
50 Anthropometry for Ventricular Puncture Michele Bailo, Filippo Gagliardi, Alfio Spina, Cristian Gragnaniello, Anthony J. Caputy, and Pietro Mortini 50.1 Indications • Acute hydrocephalus. • Intracranial hypertension: ◦ Cerebrospinal fluid…
9 Intraoperative Imaging George Samandouras and Gráinne S. McKenna 9.1 Optical Neuronavigation 9.1.1 Indications • Frameless stereotactic biopsy. • Hemispheric gliomas. • Pituitary and skull base tumors. • Intraventricular tumors….
48 High Flow Bypass (Common Carotid Artery – Middle Cerebral Artery) Michael Kerin Morgan 48.1 Introduction • For the purpose of illustration, a right-sided common carotid (CCA) to middle cerebral…
44 Transmaxillary Transpterygoid Approach Nicola Boari, Federico Biglioli, Filippo Gagliardi, and Pietro Mortini 44.1 Introduction The transmaxillary transpterygoid approach is a variant of the standard Le-Fort I transmaxillary approach, suitable…
51 Ventricular-Peritoneal Shunt Elena V. Colombo, Filippo Gagliardi, Michele Bailo, Alfio Spina, Cristian Gragnaniello, Anthony J. Caputy, and Pietro Mortini 51.1 Indications • Communicating hydrocephalus. • Non-communicating (obstructive) hydrocephalus. 51.2…
25 Midline Suboccipital Approach S. Alexander König, Veronika Messelberger, and Uwe Spetzger 25.1 Introduction The suboccipital approach is a midline approach to the posterior cranial fossa, which gives direct access…
22 Occipital Approach Alan Siu, Filippo Gagliardi, Cristian Gragnaniello, Pietro Mortini, and Anthony J. Caputy 22.1 Introduction The medial occipital approach and its further paramedian extension provide access to pathologies…
16 Mini-Pterional Approach Chad A. Glenn, Joshua D. Burks, Phillip A. Bonney, and Michael E. Sughrue 16.1 Introduction The mini-pterional approach is a lateral approach, which enables access to the…
