15 Frontotemporal and Pterional Approach Cristian Gragnaniello, Nicholas J. Erickson, Filippo Gagliardi, Pietro Mortini, and Anthony J. Caputy 15.1 Indications • Aneurysms. ◦ All aneurysms of anterior circulation. ◦ Basilar…
43 Transmaxillary Approaches Federico Biglioli, Luca Autelitano, Nicola Boari, Filippo Gagliardi, Fabiana Allevi, and Pietro Mortini 43.1 Introduction Lesions involving the clival area, the middle and posterior skull base, and…
29 Trans-Frontal-Sinus Subcranial Approach Nicola Boari, Filippo Gagliardi, Alfio Spina, and Pietro Mortini 29.1 Introduction The trans-frontal-sinus subcranial approach is well suited for the treatment of tumors of the median…
5 Patient Positioning Francesco Ruggieri, Tommaso Zoerle, Filippo Gagliardi, Pietro Mortini, and Luigi Beretta 5.1 Introduction Patient positioning for intracranial neurosurgical procedures represents a critical point for both the surgeon…
13 Lateral Orbitotomy Alfio Spina, Filippo Gagliardi, Michele Bailo, Cristian Gragnaniello, Martina Piloni, Anthony J. Caputy, and Pietro Mortini 13.1 Introduction Orbital lesions, depending on their location and relationship with…
7 Skin Incisions, Head and Neck Soft-Tissue Dissection Virginio Garcia-Martinez, Luis Porras-Estrada, Carmen Lopez-Sanchez, and Virginio Garcia-Lopez 7.1 Introduction An adequate planning of skin incision and selected flaps are essential…
2 Assessment of Surgical Exposure Alfio Spina, Filippo Gagliardi, Michele Bailo, Cristian Gragnaniello, Anthony J. Caputy, and Pietro Mortini 2.1 Introduction Neurosurgery is one of the medical specialties that has…
45 Endoscopic Endonasal Transclival Approach with Transcondylar Extension Wei-Hsin Wang and Juan C. Fernandez-Miranda 45.1 Introduction The endoscopic endonasal transclival approach is a midline endoscopic approach, which provides a great…
1 Training Models in Neurosurgery Cristian Gragnaniello, Nicholas J. Erickson, Filippo Gagliardi, Pietro Mortini, and Anthony J. Caputy 1.1 Introduction • Neurological surgery is one of the most technically demanding…
Orbitocranial Zygomatic Approach for Upper Basilar Artery Aneurysms Antonio Bernardo and Philip E. Stieg Abstract Aneurysms arising from the basilar apex are perhaps the most technically challenging aneurysms to treat…
