The Thoracolumbar Junction
(1) Marina Spine Center, Marina del Rey, CA, USA For approaches to the thoracolumbar junction (T10–L1), Hodgson recommends a 9th rib resection.1 Dwyer recommends a 10th rib resection with…
Anterior Cervical Approaches to the Spine
(1) Marina Spine Center, Marina del Rey, CA, USA The significant anatomical landmarks for differentiating the approaches to the cervical spine presented in Table 1.1 are the sternocleidomastoid muscle,…
Cervicothoracic Junction
(1) Marina Spine Center, Marina del Rey, CA, USA The anteromedial approach is an extension of the Smith–Robinson approach. It is medial to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and medial to…
Proximal and Distal Junctional Fixation Techniques
Fig. 14.1 Proximal junctional failure with fracture through the upper instrumented vertebra. A sharp transition of rigid proximal end fixation using two pedicle screws at the same level predisposes to…
Rod Link Reducer Posterior System for Vertebral Column Resection: A Porcine Model
Fig. 13.1 (a) A double-decker pedicle screw. (b) A provisional rod is fixed on the two double-decker screws via the top-loading component. (c) A final rod is placed via the…
Posterior Vertebral Column Resection (VCR) for Complex Spinal Deformities
Fig. 9.1 (a–d) Patient is a 54 + 8-year-old female, previously treated with radiotherapy for spinal cord neuroblastoma as a child, with severe collapsing lumbar kyphoscoliosis. (a) Upright and (b) supine anteroposterior…
History of Spinal Osteotomy for Thoracolumbar Kyphosis in Ankylosing Spondylitis
(1) Hospital Authority, 5/F, Hospital Authority Building 147B Argyle Street, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China 6.1 Kyphosis in Ankylosing Spondylitis Kyphosis may affect the cervical and thoracolumbar spine. This chapter…
Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy
Fig. 8.1 (a, b) Pedicle subtraction osteotomy: Three-column transpedicular vertebral wedge osteotomy, leaving the anterior cortex intact, which acts as a hinge for the closure of wedge defect. The osteotomy…
The Management of Thoracolumbar Kyphotic Deformity in Ankylosing Spondylitis
Fig. 12.1 One-level SPO. A 34-year-old man suffering AS thoracolumbar kyphosis, one-level SPO was performed at L3/L4. Preoperative and postoperative clinical appearances and lateral radiographs were as shown. The SPO…
Optimizing Safety in Spinal Deformity Surgery
Fig 15.1 AP and lateral radiographs of a patient thought not to be a good candidate for elective spinal deformity surgery due to her severe debilitative state of having polio…
