Acute Subdural Hematoma
The injury occurs typically after a high-speed motor vehicle collision. ASDH, however, is being increasingly seen in elderly patients after same-height falls, and especially in patients on anticoagulant or antiplatelet…
Acute Epidural Hematoma
Computed tomography scan shows a variably sized oval or “lens-shaped” hyperdensity between the bone and the dura. The most common clinical location for an EDH is the temporal fossa, typically…
Concussion
At the level of the neuron, linear and rotational forces can lead to structural and metabolic changes that transiently impair function and contribute to physical, cognitive, and emotional symptoms. The…
Skull Injuries
Before the introduction of computed tomography (CT) scans, plain skull radiographs were of vital importance in evaluating patients with head injuries. The presence of a skull fracture strongly suggested the…
Internal Aspects of Base of Skull: Orifices
The arcuate eminence is produced by the superior semicircular canal of the internal ear. Anterolateral to this eminence is a thin plate of bone, the tegmen tympani, forming the roof…
Internal Aspects of Base of Skull: Bones
The anterior cranial fossa is the shallowest of the three fossae and lodges the lower parts of the frontal lobes of the brain. The sulci and gyri of the lobes…
External Aspect of Skull Base
The incisive foramen transmits the terminal branches of the nasopalatine nerves and greater palatine vessels. The major and minor palatine foramina are traversed by the corresponding arteries and nerves. The…
Skull: Midsagittal Section
The occipital bone bounds most of the posterior cranial fossa. It is pierced by the foramen magnum, through which the medulla oblongata and spinal cord, surrounded by their meninges, become…
Skull: Lateral View
The lower face is supported by both the maxillary alveolar processes and the mandible. The inferior margin of each maxilla projects downward as the curved alveolar process, which unites in…
