Facet Screw Fixation/Fusion
58 Facet Screw Fixation/Fusion Ben J. Garrido and Rick C. Sasso I. Key Points – Pedicle screw fixation historically has been the gold standard for lumbar fusion stabilization. However, criticisms…
Axial Lumbar Interbody Fusion (AxiaLIF)
57 Axial Lumbar Interbody Fusion (AxiaLIF) Elias Dakwar and Juan S. Uribe I. Key Points – Minimally invasive presacral approach for intervertebral discectomy and fusion • Originally described for L5-S1…
Cervical Arthroplasty
31 Cervical Arthroplasty Jau-Ching Wu, Ali A. Baaj, and Praveen V. Mummaneni I. Key Points – Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) remains the gold standard in the surgical management…
Minimally Invasive Lateral Retroperitoneal Trans-Psoas Interbody Fusion (e.g., XLIF, DLIF)
55 Minimally Invasive Lateral Retroperitoneal Trans-Psoas Interbody Fusion (e.g., XLIF, DLIF) Edwin Ramos, Ali A. Baaj, and Juan S. Uribe I. Key Points – Success with this technique relies heavily…
Posterior and Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (PLIF/TLIF) (Open)
52 Posterior and Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (PLIF/TLIF) (Open) Devin Vikram Amin and Adam S. Kanter I. Key Points – Arthrodesis across one or more vertebral disc spaces is indicated…
Lumbar Laminectomy
51 Lumbar Laminectomy Armen Deukmedjian, Ali A. Baaj, and Juan S. Uribe I. Key Points – An adequate lumbar laminectomy affords good central decompression and lateral gutter decompression, and sets…
Open and MIS Lumbar Microdiscectomy
49 Open and MIS Lumbar Microdiscectomy Ali A. Baaj and Mark S. Greenberg I. Key Points – Conservative therapy is the initial and primary treatment modality for radiculopathy caused by…
Spondyloarthropathies
24 Spondyloarthropathies Amir Ahmadian and Fernando L. Vale I. Key Points – Spondyloarthropathies are subdivided into seronegative and seropositive arthropathies (positive vs. negative antinuclear antibody [ANA] or rheumatoid factor [RF])….
Thoracoscopic Approach
45 Thoracoscopic Approach Timothy D. Uschold and Steve W. Chang I. Key Points – Working angles and trajectories to the thoracic spine are comparable between the thoracoscopic and open anterolateral…
Lateral Extracavitary Approach
42 Lateral Extracavitary Approach Beejal Y. Amin and Muwaffak Abdulhak I. Key Points – The posterolateral approach allows for circumferential neural decompression under direct visualization with extrapleural/extravisceral dissection. – Single-stage…
