70 The Biochemistry of Spinal Implants Short- and Long-Term Considerations Shawn Hermenau, Anne Prewett, Ravi Ramachandran KEY POINTS • Biocompatibility of a material is directly related to the host’s response…
3 Histological Changes in the Aging Spine Kiran F. Rajneesh, G. Ty Thaiyananthan, David A. Essig, Wolfgang Rauschning KEY POINTS • The aging spine is predisposed to various disorders, with…
17 Land Based Rehabilitation and the Aging Spine Jack Miletic, Avrom Gart KEY POINTS • Review the pathophysiology of the “degenerative cascade” in the aging spine. • Identify appropriate therapeutic…
32 Tumors of the Cervical Spine Oren N. Gottfried, Scott L. Parker, Ziya L. Gokaslan KEY POINTS • Spine tumors are divided into those occupying the intramedullary, intradural-extramedullary, and extradural…
33 Role of Minimally Invasive Cervical Spine Surgery in the Aging Spine Woo-Kyung Kim KEY POINTS • The anatomic and pathophysiologic changes of the aging spine are discussed. • Techniques…
22 Oral Analgesics for Chronic Low Back Pain in Adults Kathleen Abbott, Amy Folta KEY POINTS • Back pain can impair function and quality of life. • Oral analgesic medication…
28 Occipital-Cervical and Upper Cervical Spine Fractures Nduka Amankulor, Grahame Gould, Khalid M. Abbed KEY POINTS • Understand occipital-cervical anatomy • Identify injury types, bony and ligamentous, in the occipital-cervical…
67 Micro- and Nanotechnology and the Aging Spine Lisa A. Ferrara Introduction In the United States by the year 2000, approximately 20% of all Americans were older than 65. Twelve…
61 Lateral XLIF Fusion Techniques Luiz Pimenta, Etevaldo Coutinho, Jose Carlos Sauri Barraza, Leonardo Oliveira KEY POINTS • Appropriate patient positioning • Retroperitoneal access • Transpsoas access • Disc space…
43 Biologic Treatment of Osteoporotic Compression Fractures: OptiMesh Karl D. Schultz, Jr. KEY POINTS • Goals of treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures • Current treatment options with polymethyl methacrylate (complications:…
