Introduction Hypothalamic hamartomas (HH) are rare intrinsically epileptogenic lesions that affect 0.5 in 100,000 children . They are composed of heterotopic neuronal and glial cells attached to the hypothalamus, typically…
Introduction Insular epilepsy (IE), or insular-opercular/peri-Sylvian epilepsy, is defined as epilepsy originating from the insula and extra-insular structures, typically the surrounding opercula with or without more extensive regional networks of…
Focal epilepsy is a common clinical manifestation of structural brain abnormalities, such as focal cortical dysplasias, low-grade glioneuronal tumors, poststroke, and posttraumatic atrophy . Intraoperative electrocorticography (iopECoG) was first introduced…
Introduction Seizures associated with eloquent neocortical regions are frequently seen in children and represent a significant therapeutic challenge. Children frequently have extratemporal, multifocal, and occasionally hemispheric epilepsies compared to their…
Introduction Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), especially medial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE), is the most frequent from of epilepsy that is resistant to medication, that is, drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). The benefits…
Introduction Intraoperative adjuncts of various kinds hold a very prominent and revered place in the modern neurosurgery armamentarium. In addition to routine frameless neuronavigation which is almost ubiquitously used, intraoperative…
Introduction Invasive monitoring can play a crucial role in the localization of seizure foci in children with drug-resistant epilepsy . Invasive monitoring is indicated in cases of focal epilepsy in…
Introduction Nearly a third of patients with epilepsy fail to respond to two or more appropriately selected and well-tolerated antiseizure medications and are diagnosed with drug-resistant epilepsy . Medication resistance…
Introduction A widely accepted indication to consider neurosurgical intervention for drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) is after an adequate trial of two antiseizure medications (ASMs) has not achieved seizure control. This guideline…
Pediatric epilepsy surgery To date, there exists only one randomized controlled trial (RCT) for pediatric epilepsy surgery . This trial unequivocally demonstrated the superiority of surgery in providing seizure freedom…
