1 Encephalopathy and Delirium
Catriona M. Harrop Abstract Encephalopathy is characterized by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke as “any diffuse disease of the brain that alters brain function or structure,” 1…
Chapter 20 – Neuroimaging Studies of Effects of Psychotherapy in Depression
Abstract Depression is one of the leading causes of mortality, disability, and loss of productivity. The World Health Organization (WHO) ranks depressive disorders as the eleventh cause of disability and…
Chapter 19 – Brain Imaging and the Mechanisms of Antidepressant Action
Abstract The history of pharmacological treatments for depression began in the 1950s, with the serendipitous discovery of the antidepressant potential of drugs like the tricyclic antidepressant, imipramine. Since then, many…
Chapter 18 – Molecular Imaging of Dopamine and Antipsychotics in Bipolar Disorder
Abstract There is a curious disparity between the body of literature linking the dopamine system to schizophrenia/psychosis and bipolar disorder. This is surprising, given the similarities between the tenets of…
Chapter 17 – Effects of Lithium on Brain Structure in Bipolar Disorder
Abstract Bipolar disorder is an episodic, highly impairing mood disorder that is estimated to have a prevalence of 2–3% in the general population and is one of the leading causes…
Chapter 16 – An Overview of Machine Learning Applications in Mood Disorders
Abstract Advances in our understanding of the human body and technology have revolutionized modern medicine, allowing us to easily treat many conditions that were once considered a death sentence. The…
Chapter 15 – Magnetoencephalography Studies in Mood Disorders
Abstract Magnetoencephalography (MEG) has emerged as an important tool in the study of mood disorders. Although electroencephalography (EEG) is much more widely utilized, largely due to its low cost and…
Chapter 14 – Electrophysiological Biomarkers for Mood Disorders
Abstract To more effectively investigate, diagnose, and treat mood disorders, there is a need to move beyond standard clinical characterizations. While symptom-based nosology has provided a reliable and pragmatic framework…
Chapter 13 – Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Studies in Mood Disorders
Abstract In 1977, Frans F Jöbsis pioneered a noninvasive method for measuring the hemodynamic oxygenation of biological tissue using near-infrared light (1). This method fostered a new era of near-infrared…
Chapter 12 – fMRI Neurofeedback as Treatment for Depression
Abstract We urgently need new therapeutic strategies for depression (1). Depression is one of the top three causes of disability in the global disease burden statistic, affecting up to 15%…
