Neurologic complications of cancer
Introduction to medical complications of brain tumors Patients with brain tumors are at risk of many complications from their cancer. Complications may result from direct effects of the tumor itself…
Approach to the patient with tuberous sclerosis
Introduction Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous condition characterized by a predisposition to hamartomas in the brain, heart, kidney, skin, eye, and other organs. TSC is the…
Approach to von Hippel Lindau, Cowden disease, and other inherited conditions
Introduction Although neurofibromatosis and tuberous sclerosis comprise some of the most common inherited tumor syndromes in neuro-oncology, clinicians will encounter patients with other, less common syndromes who could present with…
Approach to the patient with leptomeningeal metastases
Introduction Leptomeningeal spread occurs in both solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) for all primary cancer types portends a very poor prognosis, with survival measured in weeks if…
Approach to a patient with brain metastasis
Introduction Brain metastases are a frequent occurrence in patients with solid malignancies. Up to 40% of patients with solid tumors will develop brain metastases at some point in their disease…
Approach to the high-grade glioma patient
Introduction The broad definition of high-grade glioma encompasses all central nervous system neoplasms that are derived from glial components of the brain and show anaplasia (i.e., poor cellular differentiation, atypia,…
Approach to the patient with CNS lymphoma
Introduction Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is defined as lymphoma confined to the central nervous system (CNS) at presentation. By contrast, secondary CNS lymphoma represents a systemic lymphoma (i.e.,…
Approach to the low-grade glioma patient
Introduction The understanding of low-grade gliomas has significantly changed over the past 10 years. Genomic and epigenetic discoveries have revolutionized our understanding of these cancers. For the first time, the…
Approach to the meningioma patient
Introduction Meningiomas are slow-growing extraaxial tumors that account for about 25% of all intracranial tumors. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies meningiomas as grade I, II, or III based upon…
Evaluation of peripheral nerve lesions
Disclosures Dr. Ly has no disclosures. Dr. Jordan has research funding from the Department of Defense, the National Institutes of Health, and the Burke Foundation. He receives royalties from Elsevier…
