10.1055/b-0034-63750 2 Transmaxilloethmoidal Approach The transmaxilloethmoidal approach affords the surgeon a view of the sellar and parasellar regions. The approach can be used for clival chordomas, chondrosarcomas, or pituitary tumors…
10.1055/b-0034-63753 5 Endonasal Paraseptal Transsphenoidal Approach The endonasal paraseptal approach is most often used to remove pathology within the sella turcica. The technique has been used to remove intradural pathology…
10.1055/b-0034-63754 6 Transoral Approach The transoral approach affords the surgeon exposure for midline lesions located from the lower third of the clivus to the upper cervical spine. This procedure is…
10.1055/b-0034-98165 6.5 Thoracolumbar spine trauma classification systems 1 Introduction Classification systems are a potentially powerful tool in patient care, the benefits of which are well documented in the Neuro-surgical and…
10.1055/b-0034-98163 6.3 Upper cervical spine trauma classification systems 1 Introduction The upper cervical spine is an anatomically diverse and functionally complex structure, which is defined as the functional unit extending…
10.1055/b-0034-98164 6.4 Lower cervical spine trauma classification systems 1 Introduction Classification of injuries should provide a common and understandable language for the scientific community to enhance our ability to aid…
10.1055/b-0034-98155 5.4 Degenerative measures: 5.4.2 Spine Classifications and Severity Measures Teija Lund 1 Introduction to grading degenerative disc disease: Is it feasible? Is it needed? Why do some discs degenerate…
10.1055/b-0034-98158 5.7 Tumor severity measures Teija Lund 1 Introduction to classification systems for the management of patients with spinal metastases Metastasis to the spine can be a painful and debilitating…
10.1055/b-0034-98150 5.3 Deformity severity measures: 5.3.1 Spine Classifications and Severity MeasuresVincent Arlet 1 Classifications systems and outcome measures for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis The history of spinal deformity classification started with…
10.1055/b-0034-98167 6.7 Whole spine trauma classification systems 1 Development and validation of a new generation for spine injury classification Spine fracture classification has come a long way since Böhler’s first…
