Demyelinating Diseases, Neuro-Oncology, and Disorders of Neural Tube Closure and Other Congenital Malformations Multiple sclerosis (MS) introduces the section on neuropathology because it is continuously redefining its place in neurology….
Movement Disorders Cerebellar ataxias are investigated in a rationale manner by the use of an algorithm that includes mode of inheritance and MRI pattern of atrophy: MSA, anti-GAD cerebellar ataxia,…
Stroke, Epilepsy, Sleep disorders, Coma, and Migraine These three groups of disorders share tantalizingly common pathogenic mechanisms, even long before migraine was considered a vasospastic disorder with “aural” constriction and…
Basics of Metabolism and Pediatric Neurology The complexity and fascination for metabolic diseases can be introduced by unfolding the story of vitamin B12 (cobalamin [Cbl]). While its deficiency in adults…
Neuromuscular Disorders Identifying the pattern of weakness for the major muscle disorders is important to steer the diagnostic workup. The following phenotypic patterns are recognized: Ptosis with ophthalmoplegia occurs in…
Neuro-Ophthalmology and Neuro-Otology Proper examination of the oculomotor system provides the most localizing and diagnostic “bang for the buck” than that of any other system. Saccadic impairment alone brings attention…
Psychiatry There are a number of psychiatric disturbances that accompany neurologic illnesses (e.g., Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, stroke, multiple sclerosis, and epilepsy) and neurological manifestations of primary psychiatric disorders (e.g.,…
Behavioral Neurology The left hemisphere’s predominance in language processing is complemented by the right hemisphere’s specialization for spatial attention. Studies with split-brain patients have shown right hemisphere superiority for various…
Neurotoxicology Most neurotoxic agents cause dysfunction or destruction of subcellular structures, specific group of cells, axonal tracts, and diffuse neuronal or myelin dysfunction. Neurotoxic Agents Affecting Specific Subcellular Structures of…
Abstract Mental and neurological disorders present a significant burden of illness globally, with profound shortages of trained human resources, inadequate financing for mental health care delivery systems, and a lack…
